Introduction
This package contains the Maddison Project Database, which contains estimates of GDP per capita for all countries in the world between AD 1 and 2016, in a format amenable to analysis in R.
The database was last updated in 2018.
As per instructions on the Maddison Project website, please site the data as follows:
Attribution requirement - When using these data (for whatever purpose), please make the following reference: - Maddison Project Database, version 2018. Bolt, Jutta, Robert Inklaar, Herman de Jong and Jan Luiten van Zanden (2018), “Rebasing ‘Maddison’: new income comparisons and the shape of long-run economic development”, Maddison Project Working paper 10 - For the references to the original research on individual countries, see Appendix A of Bolt et al. (2018).
Example use
library(maddison)
library(ggplot2)
str(maddison)
## tibble [19,873 x 12] (S3: tbl_df/tbl/data.frame)
## $ countrycode: chr [1:19873] "AFG" "AFG" "AFG" "AFG" ...
## $ country : chr [1:19873] "Afghanistan" "Afghanistan" "Afghanistan" "Afghanistan" ...
## $ year : num [1:19873] 1820 1870 1913 1950 1951 ...
## $ cgdppc : num [1:19873] NA NA NA 2392 2422 ...
## $ rgdpnapc : num [1:19873] NA NA NA 2392 2422 ...
## $ pop : num [1:19873] 3280 4207 5730 8150 8284 ...
## $ i_cig : chr [1:19873] NA NA NA "Extrapolated" ...
## $ i_bm : chr [1:19873] NA NA NA NA ...
## $ iso2c : chr [1:19873] "AF" "AF" "AF" "AF" ...
## $ iso3c : chr [1:19873] "AFG" "AFG" "AFG" "AFG" ...
## $ continent : chr [1:19873] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" ...
## $ region : chr [1:19873] "Southern Asia" "Southern Asia" "Southern Asia" "Southern Asia" ...
## # A tibble: 6 x 12
## countrycode country year cgdppc rgdpnapc pop i_cig i_bm iso2c iso3c
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr>
## 1 AFG Afghanistan 1820 NA NA 3280 <NA> <NA> AF AFG
## 2 AFG Afghanistan 1870 NA NA 4207 <NA> <NA> AF AFG
## 3 AFG Afghanistan 1913 NA NA 5730 <NA> <NA> AF AFG
## 4 AFG Afghanistan 1950 2392 2392 8150 Extrapo~ <NA> AF AFG
## 5 AFG Afghanistan 1951 2422 2422 8284 Extrapo~ <NA> AF AFG
## 6 AFG Afghanistan 1952 2462 2462 8425 Extrapo~ <NA> AF AFG
## # ... with 2 more variables: continent <chr>, region <chr>
df <- subset(maddison,
year >= 1800 &
iso2c %in% c("DE", "FR", "IT", "UK", "US"))
ggplot(df, aes(x = year, y = rgdpnapc, color = country)) +
geom_line() +
scale_y_log10() +
theme_bw() +
labs(x = NULL, y = "GDP per capita (2011 U.S. dollars)\n", color = NULL,
title = "GDP per capita (1800-2010)")
Disclaimer
This package is not affiliated with, nor endorsed by, the Maddison Project. I aim to update it whenever the database is updated. If you ever see that it is out-of-date, don’t hesitate to send a pull request and/or remind me to update it.