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This manual contains the main topics
Online help is also available.
mined x
mined x y z
cmd | mined
cmd
;
a file name for saving can be given later
mined x > y
mined | mail nn
cmd1 | mined | cmd2
cmd1
(output)
and cmd2
(as input)
minmacs ...
mstar ...
mpico ...
xmined ...
umined ...
wmined ...
+
number
+/
expr
-v
--
++
-
" or "+
".
+x
-r
-R
+R
.
Also sets line end type for new files to LF for the djgpp
version (which defaults to CR LF).
+r
-R
or +R
.
Also sets line end type for new files to CR LF.
-R
-r
or +r
.
+R
-r
or +r
.
+u-u
-uu
and is now on by default).
-u
(character set)
-EU
.
-l
(character set)
+u
which is
still valid for compatibility.)
-EL
.
+u-u
(character handling)
-c
(character handling)
-b
(character handling)
-E
X (character set)
-E
X (character set)
-E=
charmap (character set)
locale charmap
command):
Selects the respective character encoding for
text interpretation.
For details on locale-related character encoding configuration,
see Locale configuration.
-E.
suffix (character set)
-E:
flag (character set)
-Eu
(buffer encoding)
-E?
(character set)
-K
X (input method handling)
-K=
im-im (input method selection)
+K
(input method handling)
-U
(terminal mode)
-U
option or environment setting).
In the latter case, -U
deselects UTF-8 terminal operation.
This option should normally not be used as the mode should
be configured in the environment (see
Locale configuration).
+U
(terminal mode)
-U
or +U
needs to be used if
the environment is correctly configured to indicate
UTF-8 as it should (see
Unicode handling / Terminal environment).
+UU
(terminal mode)
+UU-U
(terminal mode)
-cc
(terminal mode)
+c
(terminal mode)
+E
X (terminal mode)
+E
X (terminal mode)
+E
X (terminal mode)
+E=
charmap (terminal mode)
locale charmap
command):
Assumes the terminal to have the respective encoding.
For details on locale-related character encoding configuration,
see Locale configuration.
+E.
suffix (terminal mode)
+E:
flag (terminal mode)
+E?
(terminal mode)
-C
(character set and terminal mode)
-E
option
(with a single-letter CJK tag) effectively into a
combined -E
and
+E
option.
So mined assumes the given CJK encoding for both
terminal encoding (unless overridden by UTF-8 terminal
auto-detection) and text encoding.
Can be used for quick indication of CJK terminals
(e.g. cxterm, kterm, hanterm) if locale environment
is not properly set.
+C
(terminal mode)
+CC
(terminal mode)
+C
, but even
character codes that do not match the encoding scheme
(e.g. wrt. to specified byte ranges) are written
transparently to the terminal.
+CCC
(terminal mode)
+CC
and overrides
auto-detection of the terminal capability to display
CJK 3-byte / 4-byte codes which would by default
suppress their display if the terminal does not support them.
+D
(keyboard assignment)
Xdefaults.mined
in the Mined runtime support library.)
+?c
+?
X
+?h
+?x
+?f
-?f
.
-?
X
+?
option.
-w
-a
+j
+jj
-j
-T
+T
-Q
X
-Qs
or -Qr
),
-Q
option),
-Qs
or
-Qr
or
-Qf
or
-Qd
).
-O
+O
-f
-ff
-fff
-F
-FF
+F
-F
option (e.g. preconfigured in the environment variable
MINED) or a corresponding assumption of mined about
the specific terminal which would limit font usage.
+FF
-4
-8
-+4
-+8
-P
+P
-L
N
-e
-V
-VV
+V
+VV
-W
-B
+k
-k
+*
-*
-**
-M
-o
N
-oo
-o
-p
-X
-s
-S
-d
N
+p
All options are also looked for in the environment variable MINED.
The right-hand cursor block of typical keyboards is assigned the most important movement and paste buffer functions.
7 Mark | 8 ↑ | 9 PgUp |
4 ← | 5 HOP | 6 → |
1 Copy | 2 ↓ | 3 PgDn |
0 Paste | . Cut |
+------+------+------+ | (7) | (8) | (9) | | Mark | ^ | PgUp | +------+------+------+ | (4) | (5) | (6) | | <- | HOP | -> | +------+------+------+ | (1) | (2) | (3) | | Copy | v | PgDn | +------+------+------+ | (0) | (.) | | Paste | Cut | +------+------+------+
Note that the mined keypad function assignment as shown here
deviates from the more usual assignment of Home/End to
"move to beginning/end of line" and Del to "delete character".
This is deliberately designed to provide more useful functions
to easily available keys, while e.g. line movement can also
easily be achieved with HOP cursor-left or HOP cursor-right,
respectively, and - depending on the terminal configuration -
character deletion may still be done with the small keypad Del key.
This keypad function assignment gives you the
best benefit of keypad usage and is thus considered
much more useful than the commonly expected "standard assignment"
although now and then a user is irritated by it.
-k
option switches
keypad function assignments:
-k
mode,
Ctrl-Home/End/Del is mapped to the line navigation and
character deletion functions, while Shift-Home/End/Del
is mapped to the paste buffer functions.
HOP char left | move cursor to beginning of current line |
HOP char right | move cursor to end of current line |
HOP line up | move cursor to top of screen |
HOP line down | move cursor to bottom of screen |
HOP scroll up | scroll half a screen up |
HOP scroll down | scroll half a screen down |
HOP page up | move to beginning of file |
HOP page down | move to end of file |
HOP word left | move cursor to previous ";" or "." |
HOP word right | move cursor to next ";" or "." |
HOP delete tail of line/line end | delete whole line |
HOP delete whole line | delete tail of line |
HOP delete previous character | delete beginning of line |
HOP set mark | go to mark |
HOP search | search for current identifier |
HOP search next | repeat previous (last but one) search |
HOP copy/cut | copy or cut, but append to buffer |
HOP save buffer | save buffer, but append to file |
HOP paste buffer | paste "inter-window buffer", which is the last saved buffer by any invocation of mined on the same machine by the same user. |
HOP edit next file | edit last file |
HOP edit previous file | edit first file |
HOP exit current file | exit mined |
HOP suspend | suspend without writing file |
HOP show status line | toggle permanent status line |
HOP enter HTML tag | embed copy area in HTML tags |
-L
)
-oo
)
moves one page down
-oo
)
moves one page up
Configuration hint: To enable mouse operation in a Windows console window, deactivate "QuickEdit mode" in the properties menu.
When selecting a menu item, in most cases the associated function
is carried out and the menu closed afterwards.
In some cases, an option is toggled and the menu stays open
(esp. in Info menu: Han info pronunciation selection,
character information "with" attributes selection).
Scrollable menus: In a low-height terminal (e.g. 24 lines),
longer menus (especially the Encoding menu and the Input Method
menu) may not fit on the terminal. All menus are scrollable
with cursor keys, including Page Down/Up, Home, End keys.
When the window size is changed, open menus are closed in
order to prevent resizing and repositioning problems; this is
planned to be enhanced in a future version.
Note: Your mouse driver or Windows system may be
configured to generate multiple (e.g. 3) mouse wheel events on
one mouse wheel movement (e.g. with Windows). An option
-L1
could compensate for that
scaling (as mined applies a mouse wheel factor by itself which
is 3 by default).
Layout configuration: See Menu display below for configuration of menu appearance.
Configuration hint: On Unix, in order to make Alt work
as a modifier, set the xterm resource metaSendsEscape to true
and the rxvt resource meta8 to false as suggested in the
example file Xdefaults.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library.
(With older versions of xterm, setting eightBitInput to false
may be required instead; this xterm option doesn't actually
disable 8 bit input as its name might suggest.)
With xterm, this setting can also be enforced dynamically with
the +D
option.
+VV
) the commands delete-end-of-line
(^K), delete-word (^T) and delete-end-of-sentence (currently
emacs mode only) append to the top buffer (disabled with the
option -VV
).
Paragraph termination modes: Two different definitions of paragraph end are available.
-p
that
distinguishes paragraph/line end display.
Auto indentation is automatically suppressed if text is entered very fast (by heuristic detection of input speed) in order to allow unmodified copy and paste using terminal mouse functions.
Xdefaults.mined
in the Mined
runtime support library.)
-+4
or -+8
, a Tab key input will be
expanded to an appropriate number of Space characters instead
of inserting a Tab character. You can still insert a literal
Tab character with Ctrl-V Tab.
ctags
command).
HOP ESC t prompts for an identifier. (Also available from
search or popup menu.)
If a new file is opened for this purpose, the current
file is saved automatically.
+x
command line option adds
executable permission to newly created files
In addition to the current position, mined also stores the paragraph justification margins (only if automatic paragraph justification is active) and the selected Smart Quotes style.
mined --
[ filenames ... ]
In restricted mode, only the file opened when mined was started can
be edited, no commands changing file name reference, involving other
files (copy/paste), or escaping to a shell command will be allowed.
(When mined is invoked without filename argument, a file name
will be prompted for despite restricted mode, however.)
uprint
is installed and configured
properly, printing works in any selected character encoding.
See Printing configuration for further
details.
paps
or uniprint
happens to be installed,
uprint
uses notepad /p
for printing.
The djgpp-compiled version calls notepad /p
directly.
?
": this flag menu offers options
for permanent File info, Char info, or
Han character information display.
For Char info and Han info, further options
can be selected to configure the information shown.
--
": no keyboard mapping
is active.
U
":
generated from Unicode data file UnicodeData.txt
H
":
generated from Unihan database Unihan.txt
C
":
transformed from cxterm input table
M
":
transformed from input method of the m17n project
Y
":
transformed from yudit keyboard mapping file
V
":
transformed from vim keymap file
X
":
transformed from X keyboard mapping file
U8
":
Unicode/ISO 10646 character set / UTF-8 encoding
16
" or "61
":
Unicode character set / UTF-16 encoding
(big-endian or little-endian, respectively)
L1
": Western
"Latin-1" character set / ISO 8859-1
WL
":
Windows Latin character set / "codepage" 1252
(superset of Latin-1)
L9
": Western
"Latin-9" character set (with Euro sign) / ISO 8859-15
Cy
":
Cyrillic character set / KOI8-RU encoding
(Russian, Ukrainian, Bjelorussian)
Ru
":
Cyrillic / Russian KOI8-R encoding;
used if locale environment indicates this as
terminal encoding, not in menu, use
"Cy
" instead
which combines KOI8-R and KOI8-U
Uk
":
Cyrillic / Ukrainian KOI8-U encoding;
used if locale environment indicates this as
terminal encoding, not in menu, use
"Cy
" instead
which combines KOI8-R and KOI8-U
I5
":
Cyrillic / ISO 8859-5 encoding
WC
":
Cyrillic / Windows Cyrillic encoding
Tj
":
Cyrillic / Tadjikistan encoding
Kz
":
Cyrillic / Kazachstan encoding
GP
":
Georgian character set (not Cyrillic) /
Georgian-PS encoding
I7
":
Greek / ISO 8859-7 encoding
I6
":
Arabic / ISO 8859-6 encoding
Ar
":
Arabic / MacArabic encoding (superset of ISO 8859-6)
I8
":
Hebrew / ISO 8859-8 encoding
He
":
Hebrew / Windows codepage 1255 (superset of ISO 8859-8)
MR
":
Mac-Roman character encoding
PC
":
PC DOS character encoding ("codepage 437")
PL
":
PC Latin character encoding ("codepage 850")
L
N"
where N is 2..8 or "0":
Latin-N or Latin-10 encodings / ISO 8859-2/3/4/9/10/13/14/16
B5
":
Traditional Chinese character set /
Big5 encoding with HKSCS extensions
GB
":
Simplified Chinese character set /
GB18030 encoding, includes GBK encoding,
includes GB 2312 / EUC-CN encoding
CN
":
Traditional Chinese character set /
CNS / EUC-TW encoding (including 4-byte code points)
JP
":
Japanese character set / JIS X 0208 / 0212 / 0213 /
EUC-JP encoding (including 3-byte code points)
sJ
":
Japanese character set / Shift-JIS encoding
(including single-byte mappings to Halfwidth Forms)
KR
":
Korean Unified Hangul character set / UHC encoding,
includes KS C 5601 / KS X 1001 / EUC-KR encoding
Jh
":
Korean Johab character set and encoding
VI
":
Vietnamese character set / VISCII encoding
TV
":
Vietnamese character set / TCVN encoding
TI
":
Thai character set / TIS-620 encoding
ç
": combined display mode
`
": separated display mode:
combining characters are separated from their
base character and displayed with coloured background
H
": HOP applies to next command
h
": HOP not active
E
": text is being edited
V
": text is being viewed (modification inhibited)
=
": cut/copy replaces (overwrites) paste buffer
+
": cut/copy appends to paste buffer
=
": like "=
",
and indicates Unicode paste buffer mode
+
": like "+
",
and indicates Unicode paste buffer mode
»
": auto-indentation enabled: entering a newline
indents the following line like the current one
¦
": auto-indentation disabled
j
": justification only on request (ESC j command)
j
": justification is performed whenever
text is entered beyond the right margin
J
": justification is performed whenever
text is inserted and the line exceeds the
right margin (slightly buggy)
": non-blank line end terminates
paragraph (blank space at line end continues paragraph)
«
": empty line terminates paragraph
-o1
option.
Visual structure input is supported by Auto indentation
-P
, mined hides
one word (separated by white space) behind the string
"assword" in a line (to accommodate for "password" or
"Password") and displays reverse "*" instead.
Password hiding can be disabled with +P
.
P
option),
password hiding is activated when editing a file whose
file name starts with "." (Unix "hidden" file convention).
«
| LF (Unix-type line end)
customise indication with MINEDRET or MINEDUTFRET (may contain up to 3 characters to configure different appearance behind the line end) |
«
| CRLF (MSDOS-type two-character line end)
on black and white terminals, µ is used instead
customise indication with MINEDDOSRET or MINEDUTFDOSRET |
«
| CR (Mac-type line end)
on black and white terminals, @ is used instead
customise indication with MINEDMACRET or MINEDUTFMACRET transparently handled and displayed with +R command line option
|
º
| NUL character (pseudo line end) |
¬
| "none" line end (virtual line end as used to split input lines too long for internal handling; will be joined into a single line when saving the file) |
·
| no-break space (Unicode character U+00A0) |
«
| Unicode line separator |
¶
| Unicode paragraph separator
customise indication with MINEDPARA or MINEDUTFPARA |
¶
| end of paragraph (if enabled by -p )
customise indication with MINEDPARA or MINEDUTFPARA |
»
| line extending the end of the screen line
(move cursor right to shift line display) customise indication with MINEDSHIFT or MINEDUTFSHIFT |
«
| line shifted out left of the screen line
(move cursor left to shift line display back) customise indication with MINEDSHIFT or MINEDUTFSHIFT |
·
| position spanned by Tab character
customise indication with MINEDTAB or MINEDUTFTAB (may contain up to 3 characters to configure different appearance within the Tab span) |
Configuration: Display colour of the indications which
are by default red can be changed with the environment
variable MINEDDIM, display colour for Unicode line end
indications with MINEDUNIMARK. Their values should be the
numeric part of an ANSI terminal control sequence, e.g. 31 for
red, "33;44" for yellow text on blue background.
MINEDDIM can also be set to an empty value to have mined apply
dim colour to the indications; the colour value is computed from
the current foreground and background colours (works in xterm).
For more details and recommended settings see the example
script file profile.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library.
Default values are compiled in and can be overridden by setting
the variables to empty values.
Note: With the -F
option,
mined limits usage of special characters for line indication
and suppresses the interpretation of the MINEDUTF* environment
variables.
-Q
is available to configure your
style preference; see also
Terminal interworking problems for configuration hints
to deal terminal-related graphics display trouble.
Alternatively, the option -f
reduces
font assumptions and adjusts usage of special characters accordingly.
-Q
).
-Qv
command line option.
Lithuanian: Case conversion of accented i with retained i dot is handled properly if a Lithuanian locale setting is detected (LC_ALL/LC_CTYPE/LANG begins with "lt").
Turkish and Azeri: Case conversion of i/dotless i is handled properly if a Turkish locale setting is detected (LC_ALL/LC_CTYPE/LANG begins with "tr" or "az").
-E3
. To tell mined it runs a CP853
DOS setting, use a LC_CTYPE variable setting (.CP853
) or
the option +E=CP853
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
Ctrl-F6
circumflex
| Alt-Shift-F5
| breve
| |
F5
diaeresis
| Alt-Ctrl-F6
| descender / macron
| Alt-F5
| stroke
| Ctrl-&
| hook
| Ctrl-– Ctrl-&
| middle hook
| Alt-Shift-F5
| breve
| Ctrl-;
| tail / tick / upturn
| F6
| vertical stroke
| Shift-F6
| grave
| Shift-F5
| titlo
| acute acute
| double acute
| grave grave
| double grave
| |
-E:Tj
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-E:Kz
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-E:GP
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-E:I7
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
Accent prefix functions for Latin letters are reused for Greek accents, see the following table:
F5
dialytika
| Shift-F5
| perispomeni
| Ctrl-F5
| iota (ypogegrammeni)
| Ctrl-Shift-F5
| prosgegrammeni
| Alt-Shift-F5
| vrachy
| tonos
| oxia
| varia
| Alt-F6
| psili
| Alt-Shift-F6
| dasia
| Ctrl-Shift-F6
| macron
| Alt-6
| psili and oxia
| Ctrl-Alt-6
| dasia and oxia
| Alt-7
| psili and varia
| Ctrl-Alt-7
| dasia and varia
| Alt-8
| psili and perispomeni
| Ctrl-Alt-8
| dasia and perispomeni
| |
-E:I6
or -EA
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-E:I8
or -EE
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-EB
or -EG
or -EC
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-EJ
or -ES
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-EK
or -EH
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
-EV
or -EN
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
An accent prefix can either be applied to the plain Latin base letter, or to a precomposed Vietnamese letter which already has one of the accents. These are:
Examples: Suppose your keyboard is mapped to have Vietnamese characters like A with circumflex available. Then:
-ET
.
See Character encoding flags for details.
Note: ¹ according to Language Specific Quoting and Quotation Marks
(Note: Terminal support for combining characters is
auto-detected; additional command line options are available
in case this fails.)
If mined operates on a terminal that handles combining
characters, it offers two editing modes: combined or separated.
They can be toggled by clicking the Combining display flag
in the Mode indication flags area
(right part of the top screen line),
or by the menu entry "Options – Combined display";
separated display mode can also be selected by the
command line option -c
.
Xdefaults.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library.
With mlterm, enable this with the sample configuration
file mlterm_key
in the
Mined runtime support library.
Ctrl-Backarrow can also be configured to work with xterm
but doesn't appear to work with rxvt or mlterm,
use F5 Backarrow instead.
Permanent display of character information is toggled with HOP ESC u or by selecting "Char info" in the Info menu (or with HOP "Toggle Char info" in the Options menu).
In the Info menu, attributes that are shown with the character
information can be selected:
Unicode script name, Unicode character name,
Unicode character decomposition, list of input mnemonics.
Character information display can be selected with the
+?c
command line parameter (see
parameter description for further options).
To preselect continuous character information display, append
+?c
to the environment variable MINED.
--
| if preceded by a Space character: en dash (U+2013)
otherwise: em dash (U+2014) |
-
| if an adjacent character is in the Hebrew script range: Hebrew hyphen mark Maqaf (U+05BE) |
<-
| leftwards arrow (U+2190) |
->
| rightwards arrow (U+2192) |
<>
| left right arrow (U+2194) |
a
" key
General notes on using keys with Control, Shift, Alt modifiers:
Especially for accented character input, mined makes use of
key combinations modified with Control, Shift, Alt, or a
combination of them.
Some of these key combinations may be limited by local
environment, especially the window system, or may need
extra configuration to be enabled.
|
F5
| diaeresis (umlaut) / dialytika |
Shift-F5
| tilde / perispomeni |
Ctrl-F5
| ring / cedilla / iota (ypogegrammeni) |
Alt-F5 | stroke |
Ctrl-Shift-F5 | ogonek / prosgegrammeni |
Alt-Shift-F5 | breve / vrachy |
F6
| acute (accent d'aigu) / tonos |
Shift-F6
| grave / varia |
Ctrl-F6
| circumflex / oxia |
Alt-F6 | caron / psili |
Ctrl-Shift-F6 | macron / descender |
Alt-Shift-F6 | dot above / dasia |
Ctrl-1 | acute |
Ctrl-2 | grave |
Ctrl-3 | hook above |
Ctrl-4 | tilde |
Ctrl-5 | dot below |
Ctrl-6 | circumflex |
Ctrl-7 | breve |
Ctrl-8 | horn |
Ctrl-9 | stroke |
Ctrl-0 | ring / cedilla |
Alt-1 | circumflex and acute |
Alt-2 | circumflex and grave |
Alt-3 | circumflex and hook above |
Alt-4 | circumflex and tilde |
Alt-5 | circumflex and dot below |
Ctrl-Alt-1 | breve/horn and acute (composes following A/a with breve and acute, or following O/o or U/u with horn and acute) |
Ctrl-Alt-2 | breve/horn and grave |
Ctrl-Alt-3 | breve/horn and hook above |
Ctrl-Alt-4 | breve/horn and tilde |
Ctrl-Alt-5 | breve/horn and dot below |
Alt-6 | psili and oxia |
Ctrl-Alt-6 | dasia and oxia |
Alt-7 | psili and varia |
Ctrl-Alt-7 | dasia and varia |
Alt-8 | psili and perispomeni |
Ctrl-Alt-8 | dasia and perispomeni |
Ctrl-'
| acute (d'aigu) / tonos |
Ctrl-´
| acute (d'aigu) / oxia |
Ctrl-`
| grave / varia |
Ctrl-^ | circumflex / oxia |
Ctrl-~ | tilde / perispomeni / titlo |
Ctrl-: | diaeresis (umlaut) / dialytika |
Ctrl-" | diaeresis (umlaut) / dialytika |
Ctrl-, | cedilla / ring / iota (ypogegrammeni) |
Ctrl-/ | stroke |
Ctrl-–
| macron / descender |
Ctrl-< | caron / psili |
Ctrl-. | dot above / dasia (with i or j: dotless) |
Ctrl-( | breve / vrachy |
Ctrl-; | ogonek / prosgegrammeni / tail / tick / upturn |
Ctrl-) | inverted breve |
Ctrl-& | hook |
Ctrl-– Ctrl-& | middle hook |
Note: If your keyboard assignment provides its own accent prefix keys ("dead keys"), pressing the key twice usually delivers the corresponding spacing character which can then be used for the extended accent prefix functionality of mined; e.g. hold Control, then press ´ (acute key) twice, to invoke the acute/oxia prefix function of mined.
dot macron
| dot above and macron (on A or O) |
macron dot
| dot below |
macron macron diaeresis
| diaeresis below |
macron diaeresis
| macron and diaeresis |
diaeresis macron
| diaeresis and macron |
macron macron macron
| line below |
acute acute
| double acute accent |
grave grave
| double grave accent |
macron macron
| bar/topbar |
cedilla cedilla
| psili/comma below |
Ctrl-, Tab | combining cedilla |
F6 F6 Tab | combining double acute accent |
(twice) grave space | (double) left quotation mark |
(twice) acute space | (double) right quotation mark |
acute space
| also serves for input of typographic apostrophe
|
(twice) cedilla space | (double) low-9 quotation mark |
(twice) dot above space | (double) high-reversed-9 quotation mark |
^V < < or ^V > > | double angle quotation marks « » |
^V < space or ^V > space | single angle quotation marks |
Alt-' | plain single quote mark (U+27) |
Alt-" | plain double quote mark (U+22) |
Ctrl-Shift-space | no-break space (U+00A0) |
Ctrl-@ a/A | å/Å |
Ctrl-& a/A | æ/Æ |
Ctrl-& o/O | oe/OE ligature |
Ctrl-& s | ß |
Ctrl-? | ¿ |
Ctrl-! | ¡ |
For accent compositions, mnemonic patterns
(generic accent mnemonics) are listed in the following table;
the respective letter to place the accent(s) on is indicated
with an "x
" below.
For Greek and Cyrillic accented characters, mnemonics combining
accents with Greek or Cyrillic base characters are generated
automatically from the UnicodeData.txt database.
Greek and Cyrillic accent prefix keys reuse those for
Latin accents and are listed in the sections on Greek and Cyrillic
script support (see Language support).
generic mnemonic | accent placed on the base character ("x ")
|
---|---|
x: or "x
| diaeresis (umlaut) |
x' or ´x
| acute (accent d'aigu) |
x! or `x
| grave |
x> or ^x
| circumflex |
x? or ~x
| tilde |
x0 or °x
| ring above |
x,
| cedilla |
x-
| macron |
x(
| breve |
x.
| dot above / middle dot |
x_ or _x
| line below |
x/
| stroke |
x" or x''
| double acute |
x;
| ogonek |
x<
| caron |
x2
| hook above |
x9
| horn |
x-> or >x
| circumflex below |
x-. or .x
| dot below |
x--. or .x-
| dot below and macron |
x.-. or .x.
| dot below and dot above |
x7 or x.-
| dot above and macron |
x~- or x?-
| tilde and macron |
x;-
| ogonek and macron |
x:-
| diaeresis and macron |
x-:
| macron and diaeresis |
x-'
| macron and acute |
x-!
| macron and grave |
-x or x--
| topbar |
--x or x--
| bar |
,x or x-,
| comma below / left hook |
x# or x!!
| double grave |
x)
| inverted breve |
x&
| hook |
%x
| retroflex hook |
x,,
| palatal hook |
x~~
| middle tilde |
x}
| curl |
x-? or ?x
| tilde below |
x--: or :x
| diaeresis below |
x-0 or ox
| ring below |
x-( or (x
| breve below |
x(-. or .x(
| breve and dot below |
x>-. or .x>
| circumflex and dot below |
x9-. or .x9
| horn and dot below |
x'.
| acute and dot above |
x('
| breve and acute |
x(!
| breve and grave |
x(2
| breve and hook above |
x(?
| breve and tilde |
x<.
| caron and dot above |
x,'
| cedilla and acute |
x,(
| cedilla and breve |
x>'
| circumflex and acute |
x>!
| circumflex and grave |
x>2
| circumflex and hook above |
x>?
| circumflex and tilde |
x:'
| diaeresis and acute |
x:<
| diaeresis and caron |
x:!
| diaeresis and grave |
x9'
| horn and acute |
x9!
| horn and grave |
x92
| horn and hook above |
x9?
| horn and tilde |
x0'
| ring above and acute |
x/'
| stroke and acute |
x?'
| tilde and acute |
x?:
| tilde and diaeresis |
See also the description of the
^V function below for more
input options.
Two-letter mnemonics can also be entered in reverse order if
this is unambiguous.
Detection of reverse order mnemomics (two letters or one letter
and multiple accents) as well as the generic accent mnemonics
" ^ ` ~ ¨ ¯ ´ ¸ °
(which are available for
convenience in addition to the less intuitive > !
etc.) works with both short mnemonic entry (two-letter "^Vxy")
and full
mnemonic entry ("^V xy... ").
mkkbmap
script (from tables
in various formats as used by other editors or
Keyboard mapping works as follows: You enter a key sequence
that is mapped to a character sequence in the selected
keyboard mapping table. The transformed character sequence is
used as input.
As some typical keyboard mappings contain ambigous key
sequences where one may be a prefix of another, a short delay
is applied in these cases to allow recognition of any such
sequence to be mapped. After a timeout, the shorter sequence
already matching will be used; the timeout can be cut short by
typing a Space key, the Space character itself will then be
discarded. (The timeout value is 900 ms by default and can be
configured with the environment variable MAPDELAY.)
-K
.
While navigating through the pick list, the line and the selected item in the line are highlighted accordingly; if the current item is a CJK character, also its character information (description and optionally pronunciations as configured with the Han info option of the '?' information flag menu) is displayed on the status line. If the item is a word comprising multiple CJK characters, the information for only the first of them is shown. The available information is derived from the Unihan database.
Keyboard mapping data are based on Unicode. So in CJK text mode, the selection menu (the pick list) may contain symbols that are not mapped to the active CJK text encoding. In a UTF-8 terminal, these will still be displayed but cannot be inserted. In a CJK terminal, some characters may not be displayed; an empty entry is shown instead. (In a non-Unicode, when editing text in a different encoding, there may even be characters that cannot be displayed in the selection menu but can be inserted.)
--
" if no mapping is active.
The active mapping can be selected in the following ways:
Note: For preselecting the active or standby input method by environment configuration, see about usage of the environment variable MINEDKEYMAP below.
Note: Keyboard mapping is implicitly suppressed temporarily where it is not useful: during mnemonic character input, HTML marker input, command letter entry, help selection, yes/no prompting.
-E
...
with a number of options to specify the desired text encoding
(see the encoding options above).
-E
parameter).
UTF-8 auto-detection cannot be disabled this way.
-E
command line
option (or -l
or -u
):
–
| UTF-8 |
–
| UTF-16 encoding (big or little endian) with or
![]() |
8
| any 8 bit encoding; this is auto-detected in a generic way; the actual 8 bit encoding assumed corresponds to the terminal encoding if it is an 8 bit terminal; otherwise, Latin-1 is assumed; using "8" in the environment variable MINEDDETECT excludes all CJK encodings from auto-detection (but not UTF-8), and adds all 8 bit encodings that are not included by default |
L
| Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1) |
W
| Windows Western ("ANSI", CP1252) |
P
| PC Latin-1 (CP850) |
M
| MacRoman |
–
| CJK encoding (with unspecified mapping) is pre-auto-detected in a generic way; usually the actual CJK encoding is determined, too |
G
| GB18030 |
B
| Big5 |
J
| EUC-JP |
S
| Shift-JIS |
K
| UHC |
V
| VISCII |
For Japanese, the JIS characters that map to two Unicode characters are supported.
Other commands insert the code of the current character,
insert a character taking its character code or Unicode value
from the text,
or
toggle the preceding character and its hexadecimal code (Alt-x).
For details, see Code conversion in the
Command reference.
CJK terminals:
+E
options, see the
description of the Terminal
encoding options above.
For usage of the locale environment variables, see
Locale configuration.
Note: In native CJK terminals, it is often troublesome to find a working encoding configuration and font setup, and the locale environment is not automatically set by the terminals. A collection of wrapper scripts is available ( http://towo.net/mined/terminals.tar.gz) to help with this setup problem and demonstrate the invocation of a number of different CJK and 8 bit encoded terminal windows, along with selection of suitable fonts and proper locale environment setting.
Note: Native CJK terminals have a different assumption of the range of character codes supported in an encoding family, e.g. Big5 / Big5 with HKSCS, GB2312 / GBK / GB18030, EUC-KR / UHC, EUC-JP without/with 3 byte codes. For compact handling, mined always assumes the largest superset of these encoding families. It does, however, have some features to prevent display garbage in most cases when a terminal supports a smaller character set:
+C
option to override this
display suppression and enforce transparent display of unknown
characters in a CJK terminal.
+CC
option to override this
display suppression and enforce transparent display of invalid
character codes in a CJK terminal.
+CCC
option to override this
display suppression and enforce transparent display of extended
character codes in a CJK terminal.
See also Terminal interworking problems for special hints about certain terminals.
-u
or
-l
or -E...
).
It can also edit UTF-16 encoded Unicode files (UTF-16 can
represent the complete 21 bit Unicode subset of ISO-10646).
UTF-16 big or little endian with or without BOM (byte order
mark U+FEFF) is auto-detected or can be selected with a
command-line option (see
notes under Locale configuration below).
16
" (big endian) or
"61
" (little endian).
U8
" if UTF-8
text interpretation is selected. For Latin-1 text interpretation
"L1
" is shown, for others see
Mode indication flags.
You may click on the indication flag to toggle between the
current and the previous selected encoding.
See also the generic section Character input support above for input support for accented characters and keyboard mapping.
-Eu
or in the Paste buffer menu
(righ-click on the Buffer mode flag "=
" or
"+
") and select "Unicode".
=
" or
"+
"), except in Unicode text mode.
+UU
.
+u-u
).
They are displayed as shown above.
Xdefaults.mined
in the Mined runtime support library.
Illegal UTF-8 sequences are displayed with highlighted background, using the following indications. Furthermore, control characters encoded as a UTF-8 sequence and control characters in the "C1" range (values 0x80..0x9F) will be displayed similar to normal control characters but with coloured highlighting.
8
| for an unexpected UTF-8 continuation byte (range 80-BF) |
4
| for a 0xFE (254) byte |
5
| for a 0xFF (255) byte |
«
| for a too short UTF-8 sequence if followed by a single-byte character (00..7F) |
»
| for a too short UTF-8 sequence if followed by a multi-byte character (C0..FF) |
Illegal or non-Unicode characters are indicated with the following replacements:
�
(or ? or [] )
| a character code ending with FFFE or FFFF
(override substitution for transparent display with
+C )
|
�
(or ? or [] )
| a surrogate code point
(override substitution for transparent display with
+CC )
|
�
(or ? or [] )
| a code point outside the defined Unicode range
(override substitution for transparent display with
+CCC )
|
¤ or
¤ (if wide) | a non-combining Unicode character that cannot be displayed |
% or
% (if wide)
| (if the terminal cannot display ¤ )
a non-combining Unicode character that cannot be displayed
|
' or
'
| a Unicode combining character that cannot be displayed |
E
| the Euro character U+20AC |
"
| a quotation mark character (typographic quote mark) |
-
| a dash character |
e , ê ,
etc
| ![]() |
0 ..9 ,
A ..Z
etc
| a corresponding fullwidth ASCII character |
Configuration: Display colour of special or illegal
UTF-8 indications can be changed with the environment variable
MINEDUNI, the value should be the numeric part of an ANSI
terminal control sequence; optionally, the value can be
preceded by a character to be used for Unicode character
indication in non-Unicode terminal mode.
(The default configuration value is "¤ 46
").
+UU
right-to-left display option or auto-detected), the joined
character width will be handled correctly in cooperation with
the terminal.
uterm
for this purpose, with its own manual page.
(In case uterm
is not installed, it is also
included in the Mined runtime support library.)
+EU
selects UTF-8 terminal mode.
mkkbmap
script.
¤
| CJK character that cannot be displayed in (8-bit) terminal |
% or
%
| CJK character that cannot be displayed in (8 bit or CJK) terminal because the terminal encoding does not support it |
' or
'
| CJK combining character that cannot be displayed in (8-bit) terminal |
? or
?
| CJK character code that has no known mapping to Unicode
(to enforce display on CJK terminal use option +C )
|
# or
#
| invalid CJK character code that is outside of the
code range assigned to the encoding scheme
(to enforce display on CJK terminal use option +CC )
|
#
| CJK character in extended code range
(esp. 3 and 4 byte codes, or codes with 0x80...0x9F
byte range) that cannot be displayed on CJK terminal
due to terminal capability limitations
(to enforce display on CJK terminal use option +CCC )
|
<
| incomplete or otherwise illegal CJK code |
?
" flag.
The same information is always shown while you are browsing
an input method pick list (then on the status line).
Han character information display can be selected with the
+?h
command line parameter (or
+?x
for short display on the
status line).
To preselect continuous Han character information display,
append this parameter to the environment variable MINED.
The information includes the character code (in CJK encoding,
both CJK code and corresponding Unicode value are shown).
The amount of descriptive information (from the Unihan
database) to be shown can also be preconfigured with the
environment variable MINEDHANINFO;
see Han info configuration below.
(For the Unicode version used for the Unihan data source,
see the mined change log.)
+E
X).
For configuration details, see
Locale configuration below.
Mined Command reference (command and key function assignments)
|
profile.mined
in the Mined runtime support library.
usrshare
); if mined is
installed into standard locations, they are copied to one of the
directories /usr/share/mined
,
/usr/share/lib/mined
,
/usr/local/share/mined
,
/opt/mined/share
,
$HOME/opt/mined/share
(depending on operating system and installation options).
Mined runtime support includes the following files:
package_doc/README
package_doc/VERSION
package_doc/CHANGES
package_doc/LICENSE.GNU
doc_user/*
help/mined.hlp
conf_user/profile.mined
conf_user/Xdefaults.mined
conf_user/xinitrc.mined
conf_user/kp5
conf_user/mlterm/main
conf_user/mlterm/key
conf_user/konsole/xterm-modified.keytab
bin/uprint
bin/minedmar
bin/minedmar.bat
bin/uterm
bin/mterm
bin/umined
bin/xmined
bin/wmined
bin/wmined.bat
setup_install/mined.desktop
setup_install/mined.ico
setup_install/bin/configure-xterm
setup_install/bin/makeprint
setup_install/bin/installfonts
setup_install/bin/bdf18to20
setup_install/bin/mkicon
setup_install/bin/postinstall
Recognition of some special terminal features or restrictions is associated with the setting of TERM (xterm, linux, vt100, sun*, cygwin, rxvt, *ansi*, 9780*, hp*, xterm-hp, superbee*, sb*, microb*, scoansi*, xterm-sco, cons*, att605-pc, ti_ansi, mgterm). Non-trivial screen features (like scroll reverse, add/delete line, erase multiple characters) are used if their support is indicated in the termcap/terminfo description of the terminal unless other information is available (e.g. after terminal version detection, an older xterm is supposed not to support erase characters). Since colour support is often not configured within terminfo but modern terminals do support it, mined always tries to apply colour attributes (if the terminal at least supports ANSI control sequences). A number of other "best practice" approaches are taken to optimize the usage of terminal capabilities, esp. covering different methods of graphics display support (for menu borders).
For detection of function keys and cursor keys, the escape sequences being used by terminals are often not known to an operating system environment because they are poorly and incompletely configured. Because this does usually not work as expected (see this bug report just for an example), mined does not rely on the termcap/terminfo configuration of function key codes alone (which it considers however since mined 2000.14); rather it always accepts a wide variety of typical codes. A few ambiguous codes are resolved according to the TERM variable.
In an xterm, window headline and icon text are set to the current filename and "(*)" is added if the text has been modified.
+E
)
or text encoding (-E
). They override
environment variable settings.
For encoding recognition from locale environment variables,
mined recognises locale specifications typically found in
system installations, including those which do not include an
explicit encoding suffix. Known character encoding suffixes
("codeset" component of locale name, starting with ".") are
recognised regardless of whether the given locale is installed
or not. Other encodings are recognised by region suffix
(starting with "_") or full locale name or alias.
In addition to hard-coded locale recognition (especially for CJK),
locale values and associated encodings are configured in the
compile-time configuration file locales.cfg
which
especially lists locale names that do not have an explicit
encoding suffix.
You can use these settings (known locale name or generic
locale name suffix) even on legacy systems without locale
support to indicate the terminal environment properly to mined.
-E
X or +E
X
with a single-letter encoding tag as listed with the description
of the
-E
options;
further encoding tags are configured in the compile-time
configuration file charmaps.cfg
.
-E=
charmap or +E=
charmap
with a character encoding name (as reported by the
locale charmap
command).
-E.
suffix or +E.
suffix
with a character encoding suffix ("codeset" of locale name).
-E:
flag or +E:
flag
with a 2-letter indication used by mined to indicate the
respective text encoding in the Encoding flag.
-E
specifies
text encoding while +E
would specify
terminal encoding to be assumed.
The following table lists major encodings and generic locale suffix values by which they are recognised; in addition (as mentioned above), a large number of locale names without encoding suffix as found on various systems in known to mined and will cause it to assume the corresponding terminal encoding.
Unicode: UTF-8 | suffixes: .UTF-8 / .utf8 |
Traditional Chinese (Hongkong): Big5 with HKSCS | suffixes: .BIG5* / .Big5* / .big5* / _HK / _TW (_TW ambiguous, following encoding overrides) |
Simplified Chinese: GB18030 (includes GBK and GB2312) | suffixes: .GB* / .gb* / .EUC-CN / .euccn / _CN.EUC / _CN |
Traditional Chinese (Taiwan): CNS (EUC-TW) | suffixes: .EUC-TW / .euctw / .eucTW / _TW.EUC |
Japanese: JIS / EUC-JP | suffixes: .EUC-JP / .eucjp / .eucJP / .ujis / _JP.EUC / _JP / .euc (.euc ambiguous, more specific string overrides) |
Japanese: Shift-JIS | suffixes: .Shift_JIS / .shiftjis / .sjis / .SJIS |
Korean Unified Hangul: UHC (includes EUC-KR) | suffixes: .UHC / .EUC-KR / .euckr / .eucKR / _KR.EUC / _KR |
Korean: Johab | suffixes: .JOHAB |
Vietnamese: VISCII | suffixes: .viscii |
Vietnamese: TCVN | suffixes: .tcvn |
Thai: TIS-620 | suffixes: .tis* / .TIS* / _TH / .iso8859[-]11 / .ISO8859[-]11 |
Latin-9: ISO 8859-15 | suffixes: @euro / .iso8859[-]15 / .ISO8859[-]15 |
Cyrillic: ISO 8859-5 | suffixes: @cyrillic (unless preceded by uz_UZ which indicates UTF-8) |
Latin or other: ISO 8859 encodings | suffixes: .iso8859[-]N / .ISO8859[-]N (with number N) |
Russian Cyrillic: KOI8-R | suffixes: .koi8r |
Ukrainian Cyrillic: KOI8-U | suffixes: .koi8u |
Tadjikistan Cyrillic: KOI8-T | suffixes: .koi8t |
Russian, Ukrainian, Bjelorussian Cyrillic: KOI8-RU | suffixes: .koi |
MacRoman: | suffixes: .roman |
Windows Latin: CP1252 | suffixes: .cp1252 |
Windows Cyrillic: CP1251 | suffixes: .cp1251 |
PC Latin: CP850 | suffixes: .cp850 |
Windows Hebrew: CP1255 | suffixes: .cp1255 |
Georgian: Georgian-PS | suffixes: .georgianps |
Kazachstan Cyrillic: PT154 | suffixes: .pt154 |
Examples: To indicate that mined is running in a UTF-8 terminal (normally auto-detected, included here for demonstration) and should assume GB18030 text encoding by default, invoke either of:
LC_ALL=whatever.UTF-8 TEXTLANG=zh_CN.gbk mined
LC_CTYPE=whatever.UTF-8 TEXTLANG=chinese mined
LANG=whatever.UTF-8 mined -EG
LC_ALL=en_IN mined -E.gbk
mined +EU -E.EUC-CN
mined +EU -E=GB18030
mined +EU -E:GB
Selecting UTF-16 text mode: To tell mined to interpret a file (or make a new file) in UTF-16 encoding, use the following command line options (first two little endian, then big endian):
mined -E:61
mined -E=UTF-16LE
mined -E:16
mined -E=UTF-16BE
mined -E=UTF-16
Selecting ASCII terminal mode: To tell mined to
assume that a terminal cannot display anything but ASCII
characters, use the command line option
+E:AS
.
Mined implicitly assumes this setting if the environment
variable TERM indicates a VT52 terminal.
The following assumptions are made based on environment variables or command-line parameters:
encoding ("codepage") | environment | option | examples | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CP850 (PC mapping of Latin-1 character set) | TERM=ansi, ansi-nt, pcansi*, hpansi*, interix* or TERM=cygwin and CYGWIN contains "codepage:oem" or LC_*/LANG indicates ".CP850" | +EP
| CP437 (IBM PC VGA encoding)
| TERM=nansi*, ansi.*, opennt*, *-emx*
or LC_*/LANG indicates ".CP437"
| +Ep
CP1252 (Windows ANSI extension of Latin-1)
| TERM=cygwin (unless LC_*/LANG or CYGWIN indicates
other encoding)
| +EW
UTF-8
| LC_*/LANG indicates ".UTF-8" or
(for cygwin 1.7 beta) TERM=cygwin and CYGWIN contains "codepage:utf8"
| +U
![]()
![]() LC_*/LANG indicates codepage, e.g. ".CP1250" or ".CP858"
| or triggered by DOS codepage information (djgpp version, see note) +E=CP1250 or other codepage, or respective shortcut
![]() |
Note:
It is not unlikely that the assumption about the terminal
encoding taken by mined does not match the actual terminal
encoding (e.g. mined cannot determine the encoding based on
the ambiguous setting TERM=ansi). Environment variables that
indicate the character encoding are unfortunately not maintained
through telnet or remote login.
Explicitly setting TERM to a suitable value after remote login
or explicitly setting the locale variables, e.g. LC_CTYPE,
may help but may not always work either (e.g. pcansi is not a
known terminal on SunOS; some systems like SunOS are dogmatic
about interpreting locale variables which strictly need to be
installed before; not all encodings, esp. PC "codepages", are
known as a "locale charmap" on other systems).
In these cases, you can use the explicit +E
option to force mined to assume a specific terminal encoding;
see the option values listed above for the main DOS encodings.
Note:
The encoding emulated by cygwin (as configured, by default
Windows Latin codepage CP1252) is not the encoding natively applied
by the Windows console window (by default DOS codepage CP850).
This means that the effective encoding may be different if you
invoke the cygwin-compiled mined version and the
djgpp-compiled mined version alternatingly; you may notice this
by a different range of characters that can be displayed when
opening the same file with the two mined versions.
Some Windows Latin characters are poorly displayed by the
Windows console in default configuration; mined 2000.13 introduced
a workaround to indicate those character by a more suitable
substitution instead.
This workaround is withdrawn to support cygwin 1.7 which can
display all characters properly if the Windows console font is
configured to "Lucida Console" rather than "Raster Fonts".
Note:
The following DOS codepages are supported; they are mainly provided
as terminal codepages, they do not appear in the Encoding menu.
However, if you need, you can ask mined to use them as either
the assumed terminal encoding (e.g. +E=CP1250 or +E:WE) or
even text encoding (e.g. -E=CP1250 or -E:WE) using the names
or shortcuts from the list:
CP437 | PC
| DOS US |
CP737 | 37
| DOS Greek |
CP775 | 75
| DOS Baltic |
CP850 | PL
| DOS Western European |
CP852 | 52
| DOS Central European |
CP853 | 53
| South European, Esperanto |
CP855 | 55
| DOS Cyrillic |
CP857 | 57
| DOS Turkish |
CP858 | 58
| DOS Western, CP850 with Euro symbol |
CP860 | 60
| DOS Portuguese |
CP861 | 61
| DOS Icelandic |
CP862 | 62
| DOS Hebrew |
CP863 | 63
| DOS French Canadian |
CP864 | 64
| DOS Arabic |
CP865 | 65
| DOS Nordic |
CP866 | 66
| DOS Russian |
CP869 | 69
| DOS Modern Greek |
CP874 | TI
| Windows Thai, superset of ISO-8859-11/TIS-620 |
CP1125 | 25
| DOS Ukraine |
CP1250 | WE
| Windows Central European |
CP1251 | WC
| Windows Cyrillic |
CP1252 | WL
| Windows Western European |
CP1253 | WG
| Windows Greek |
CP1254 | WT
| Windows Turkish |
CP1255 | He
| Windows Hebrew |
CP1256 | WA
| Windows Arabic |
CP1257 | WB
| Windows Baltic |
Note: For the djgpp version of mined, even the font chosen for the Windows console window may affect the effective display encoding.
Note: The djgpp version of mined running in a UTF-8 mode console (e.g. with cygwin 1.7) cannot handle this and is confused by the according setting of locale variables.
Note:
Mined (djgpp) tries to determine the DOS/Windows codepage
using the DOS API; this can only work if the codepage was
properly configured with DOS means (e.g. with CP858 using
CHCP 858 or MODE CON CP SELECT=858, maybe enabled by
DEVICE=...\DISPLAY.SYS CON=(EGA,858) on old DOS, or
MODE CON CP PREP=((codepage list) ...\ega.cpi) );
if only the font is switched to a differently encoded one,
there is no way to detect this.
Sub-Note: This feature has not yet been tested.
If detection does not work, you can still use environment setting
or the +E
option as mentioned above
to indicate the terminal encoding.
Note:
Running mined (djgpp) in a dosemu session (DOS emulator on Linux)
works fine, even in an xterm-embedded session although not
perfectly in that case: ^S and ^Q are interpreted for flow
control (thus ^S will hold all output until ^Q is entered),
and the mined option -Qa
should be
used to tune menu borders right.
Xdefaults.mined
which lists settings that should be applied to the terminal
for proper operation of several features as described
throughout this manual.
In some terminals, the cursor may not be well visible or not
visible at all if the cursor is on a character
with reverse background (control character, occurs e.g. in xterm)
or highlighted background (invalid character code, occurs e.g.
in xterm and rxvt).
See the X resource parameters for "cursorColor" in the example
configuration file Xdefaults.mined
for remedy.
If your terminal scrolls down one line when you click the left mouse button in the text area, the terminal type is not properly set up. This occurs, e.g., when you run inside a cygwin or rxvt terminal but the environment variable TERM is incorrectly set to xterm. Set it to the correct value for remedy.
If mouse wheel movement moves more than expected, especially if it cannot move by single items in a menu, this is probably a configuration issue with your mouse driver. You are probably running a Windows-based X server which is (often by default) configured to generate multiple mouse wheel events on each actual mouse wheel movement. Often not even in the Control Panel mouse section, but only in a configuration menu of mouse-specific setup software (e.g. "Browser Mouse Settings"), configure the scroll unit to 1.
any terminal: menu border display
-Qa
to switch to ASCII borders, or -fff
to limit font assumptions.
-Qv
to switch to
VT100 block graphics or -Qa
to
switch to ASCII graphics. If borders are visible but without
corners, use -Qs
to switch to
rectangular borders.
any terminal: slow terminal feature auto-detection
export ESCDELAY; ESCDELAY=3000
export ESCDELAY; ESCDELAY=1200
mlterm
mlterm/key
which
defines enhanced escape sequences for function keys and
other modified keys in order to enable the functionality
described in this manual.
xterm
Xdefaults.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library.
+D
.
(Unfortunately this handling cannot be enabled by default as
it cannot be undone because the previous state cannot be
detected.)
xterm on cygwin
uterm
is recommended to invoke an xterm that is properly configured
to run UTF-8, and also to use a best choice of fonts for optimal
Unicode coverage. See README.cygwin for more detailed advice.
xterm legacy CJK width mode
xterm -cjk_width
); character
width and menu border layout are properly adjusted, stylish
menu borders (-QQ
) and fine-grained
scroll bar display are disabled by default.
(Note: In this mode, combining characters could unexpectedly
change the width of a character by being substituted with its
wide precomposed form (e.g. 'a' combined with U+0300) -
which an application can hardly handle; this bug was fixed in
xterm 224 with a patch contributed by the mined author.)
rxvt
Xdefaults.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library.
Xdefaults.mined
in the Mined
runtime support library.
-F
to
adapt mined to limited font usage, or fix the X server installation.
Or use the script uterm
to start rxvt-unicode. To
start rxvt-unicode from an xterm, use uterm -rx
.
Xdefaults.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library.
urxvt
cxterm
kterm
hanterm
konsole
-QQ
and
-Qr
should not be used; rounded
borders are disabled by default.
konsole/xterm-modified.keytab
which defines enhanced escape sequences for function keys and
other modified keys in order to enable the functionality
described in this manual. Unfortunately, the qt framework
used by konsole inhibits the use of some keys and many key
combinations.
xmodmap
);
kp5
in the
Mined runtime support library for this purpose.
gnome-terminal
-f
option (for limited font usage with respect to graphic
characters) when detecting gnome-terminal.
Linux console
screen Screen, like luit (see below), is a middle layer between the actual terminal and the user terminal environment. Unfortunately, screen does not pass character width handling of its host terminal transparently to the application but apparently it maintains cursor position information with reference to the system-installed locale data. Which, however, does not always reflect the terminal properties! So it is not possible to auto-detect the Unicode version and other character width properties when running in screen.
MinTTY MinTTY is a Windows-based (non-X) terminal running with cygwin. Mined auto-detects MinTTY and adjusts certain properties and features accordingly.
Cygwin console
+U
.
Windows console window (DOS command prompt)
Poderosa
Terminator
PuTTY
luit
profile.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library
for Siemens 9780x terminals.
export MINEDKEYMAP=-gr
will set Greek keyboard mapping standby.
export MINEDKEYMAP=py-rs
will set Pinyin input method active and Radical/Stroke
input method standby.
export MINEDQUOTES="»"
sets these »Danish« quotes and corresponding single smart quotes.
export MINEDQUOTES="»»"
sets these »Finnish» quotes and corresponding single smart quotes.
M
| show Mandarin pronunciation |
C
| show Cantonese pronunciation |
J
| show Japanese pronunciation |
S
| show Sino-Japanese pronunciation |
H
| show Hangul pronunciation |
K
| show Korean pronunciation |
V
| show Vietnamese pronunciation |
P
| show Hanyu Pinlu pronunciation |
X
| ![]() |
T
| show Tang pronunciation |
D
| show character description |
F
| display full information (in popup-menu form); without F, the information will be shown on the status line where it is subject to truncation |
Xdefaults.mined
in the
Mined runtime support library for suggestions.
uprint
from the
Mined runtime support library
to print the current contents of the text being edited
in any selected encoding (unless the environment variable
MINEDPRINT is set to direct mined to use a different print command).
paps
or
uniprint
for actual formatting (print preprocessing).
paps
nor
uniprint
happens to be installed,
uprint
uses notepad /p
for printing.
The djgpp-compiled version calls notepad /p
directly.
paps
is available at
http://paps.sourceforge.net/ and uses the Pango layout
engine for formatting.
uniprint
is part of the yudit distribution; if
you don't have it installed on your system, there is another
script makeprint
in the support library which can
be used to download and build the needed uniprint program.
The mined print script (uprint
) prefers
paps
if it is available as it has more capabilities
for printing a wide range of Unicode characters, and it does
right-to-left formatting.
uprint
fails for
some reason, mined tries to print with either the print
command configured in the environment variable LPR as a fallback,
or with lp/lpr as a last resort. Working character encoding
support cannot be expected in this case, however.
profile.mined
in the Mined runtime support library for
more details and for a number of suggestions of suitable values.
Mined does not apply any default non-Latin-1 indications in order
to avoid display problems with fonts that do not support them.
Depending on your visual preference, there are a number of suitable
Unicode characters for use as indications especially in the Unicode
ranges of Arrows, Geometric Shapes and Symbols (U+2190-U+2BFF).
-f
or -F
.
The -F
option also suppresses the
interpretation of the MINEDUTF* environment variables.
MINEDRET=123 # line end displays as 122222223
MINEDUTFRET=⏎ # U+23CE
The indication of DOS line ends (CRLF) and Mac line ends (CR)
may be configured with the variables MINEDDOSRET or MINEDUTFDOSRET,
and MINEDMACRET or MINEDUTFMACRET, respectively.
They are also distinguished by different colours.
-p
, mined displays
distinct indicators for line ends and paragraph ends.
A paragraph is defined to continue while lines end with white
space (space or Tab character).
The default paragraph marker is "¶" and is also used to indicate
a line ending with a Unicode Paragraph Separator. It can be
changed with the environment variable MINEDPARA or MINEDUTFPARA.
MINEDTAB=123 # Tab displays as 12222223 MINEDTAB=12 # Tab displays as 11112111
-Q
.
For a nice selection bar that extends from left to right menu
border, the setting -QQ
is
recommended (this is the default unless the terminal is
assumed not to provide sufficient font configuration for this
option; it depends on certain graphic Unicode characters being
included in the terminal font and can be disabled with
-Qq
).
src/colours.cfg
; it contains entries with the
script name (as listed in the Unicode data file
Scripts.txt
), blank space, and a colour index
into the xterm 256-colour mode. (To make good use of 256
colour mode, the terminal program should be compiled with 256
colour support enabled. Configure xterm with
configure --enable-256-color
.)
colours.cfg
before building mined to
adapt coloured script display to your preferences.
src/charmaps.cfg
which defines the character encodings that mined knows and how
they are presented in the Encoding menu, together with flags for
indication in the Encoding flag and tags for use with the
-E
and +E
options (and the MINEDDETECT environment variable).
charmap-name
must
correspond to an existing character mapping file
charmaps/charmap-name.map
.
Additional character mappings can be generated with the script
mkchrmap
.
src/locales.cfg
which maps locale names to associated character encodings.
While this list contains mainly locale names without explicit
encoding suffix, mined also checks generic locale name suffix
values and assumes the corresponding terminal encoding.
Thus the given names or suffixes can be used even on legacy
systems without locale support to indicate the terminal
environment and preferred text encoding properly to mined.
src/keymaps.cfg
and a script mkkbmap
; go into the
src
directory and use the script to generate
additional keyboard mappings:
The parameter to the mkkbmap
script can be one of
+
sign which is implicitly expanded to the relative path name
etc/charmaps/hkscs/hkscs-2004-cj.txt
;
the HKSCS input codes file should be taken from
http://info.gov.hk/digital21/eng/hkscs/
mkkbmap
will then generate an according
keyboard mapping file, e.g. for Bopomofo
keymaps.cfg
; the
entry is however initially disabled as it usually needs manual
adjustment: edit the configuration file; enable the new
entry by removing the leading '#' character, check the first
element which will be the name of the mapping to appear in the
Input Method menu, check the last element of the entry
which is a two-letter shortcut and must be unique for all
mappings, then move the entry to the position where you want
it to appear in the menu. You can also group mappings by
adding "-" lines in this configuration file.
DOS binaries: Two DOS-based versions, compiled with djgpp and with cygwin, are available for download from the mined web site http://towo.net/mined/ for users who want a quick binary on DOS-based systems. The djgpp binary is a "dual-mode" executable which runs on plain DOS and also supports long file names in a Windows 98/2000/XP/... console window (not NT4.0). It does not run in an xterm, however.
Highlight mode: The ANSI codes for selecting normal and exposed display can be chosen with the environment variable MINEDCOL. The two selections are separated by a space. Each selection is a semicolon-separated list of the code values. The default behaviour corresponds to the setting
For command line options, "/
" can be used instead of "-
".
The "ESC -" command cannot go back within a group of files named by the same wildcard expression. It goes to the previous file name (or wildcard expression) instead.
Enabling the keypad HOP key: If you have a very old and crappy BIOS, you may have to enable use of the cursor block "5" key (for use as a HOP key) with a TSR driver (ENHKBD.COM) or an enhanced keyboard driver. (Older PC keyboard drivers were often so ignorant to forbid you to use that key.)
Immediate adjustment to changed window size does not work in the DOS version if the size change is caused by a TSR (e.g. VGAMAX using a hotkey); in that case, mined adjusts its screen display only after the next key is typed.
The cygwin terminal environment (cygwin in a Windows console window) provides an emulation of a Unix 8 bit character set so non-ASCII characters entered in this version are different from those entered in other DOS-based versions. Editing UTF-8 text, on the other hand, works transparently in all DOS-based versions. See PC terminals above for more details.
In order to enable mouse use in a Windows console window,
deactivate "QuickEdit mode" in the properties menu.
The following only applies if DOS ANSI driver output is used
which is currently not the case in any configuration:
The default colour setting depends on an extended ANSI driver
(like NNANSI) as does the scroll down function anyway.
Unfortunately, there is no way to find out the current colour
setting nor is there an inverse video mode in many ANSI
drivers (only a fixed black on white mode) so that it is
impossible to implement just inverse display for highlighting.
Therefore, if mined thinks to see an ANSI driver of the
simpler kind, it will change its colour setting defaults. In
any case, these can be overridden with the MINEDCOL variable.
Recommended ANSI drivers:
Mined tries to analyse the ANSI drivers capabilities by
checking some control sequences. This works, however, only if
the ANSI driver is at least able to send cursor position
reports.
For primitive ANSI drivers that cannot even do that, mined's
operation can be ensured with an emergency procedure:
A faked pseudo-report should be stuffed into mined as its
first input (with some key-stuffing program) and mined will
use no further cursor position requests. It will also assume a
simple ANSI driver then. The faked report should consist of
the screen size in lines and columns, embedded at the
positions of the ANSI cursor report sequence but with
different surrounding characters. For an invocation of mined
on a 25 lines and 80 columns screen a batch file for this
would look like:
The remaining remarks apply to the Turbo-C version only which is no longer supported (use djgpp instead):
profile.mined
in the Mined runtime support library
together with explanations and suggested values.
mined.hlp
and the printing script uprint
man fonts.conf
(Unix:) Mined cannot edit a pipe or device file and hangs if
you try to do so. (But it can insert from, or write to, a pipe.)
This restriction does not refer to editing from standard
input in a piped command like cmd | mined
which works of course.
(MSDOS, Windows:) With non-cygwin versions (djgpp), piped editing from standard input does not work for unknown reason.
(Windows:) Non-cygwin versions (djgpp) do not work in xterm, rxvt, or MinTTY.