# Faster Raster and Spatial Vector Processing Using 'GRASS GIS'

## Documentation for package ‘fasterRaster’ version 8.4.0.5

- DESCRIPTION file.
- User guides, package vignettes and other documentation.
- Package NEWS.

## Help Pages

A B C D E F G H I K L M N P Q R S T U V W X Y Z misc

## -- A --

abs | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
abs-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
acos | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
acos-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
activeCat | Get or set the column with category labels in a categorical raster
activeCat-method | Get or set the column with category labels in a categorical raster
activeCat<- | Get or set the column with category labels in a categorical raster
activeCat<--method | Get or set the column with category labels in a categorical raster
activeCats | Get or set the column with category labels in a categorical raster
activeCats-method | Get or set the column with category labels in a categorical raster
add<- | "Stack" a GRaster
add<--method | "Stack" a GRaster
addCats | Add rows or columns to the "levels" table of a categorical raster
addCats-method | Add rows or columns to the "levels" table of a categorical raster
addCats<- | Add rows or columns to the "levels" table of a categorical raster
addCats<--method | Add rows or columns to the "levels" table of a categorical raster
addons | Test if addons directory exists and if an addon is installed
addTable<- | Attach or detach GVector's data table
addTable<--method | Attach or detach GVector's data table
aggregate | Aggregate raster cells into larger cells or combine geometries of a vector
aggregate-method | Aggregate raster cells into larger cells or combine geometries of a vector
allNA | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
allNA-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
anyNA | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
anyNA-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
app | Apply a function to a set of rasters
app-method | Apply a function to a set of rasters
appCheck | Apply a function to a set of rasters
appCheck-method | Apply a function to a set of rasters
appFuns | Apply a function to a set of rasters
appFunsTable | Functions that can be used in app()
Arith | Arithmetic operations on GRasters
Arith-method | Arithmetic operations on GRasters
as.contour | Contour lines from a "GRaster"
as.contour-method | Contour lines from a "GRaster"
as.data.frame | Convert GVector to a data frame
as.data.frame-method | Convert GVector to a data frame
as.data.table | Convert GVector to a data frame
as.data.table-method | Convert GVector to a data frame
as.doub | Coerce raster to integer, float, or double precision
as.doub-method | Coerce raster to integer, float, or double precision
as.float | Coerce raster to integer, float, or double precision
as.float-method | Coerce raster to integer, float, or double precision
as.int | Coerce raster to integer, float, or double precision
as.int-method | Coerce raster to integer, float, or double precision
as.lines | Convert a raster to a lines vector
as.lines-method | Convert a raster to a lines vector
as.points | Convert a GRaster, or lines or polygons GVector to a points vector
as.points-method | Convert a GRaster, or lines or polygons GVector to a points vector
as.polygons | Convert a raster to a polygons vector
as.polygons-method | Convert a raster to a polygons vector
asin | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
asin-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
atan | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
atan-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
atan2 | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
atan2-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters

## -- B --

bioclims | BIOCLIM rasters
bioclims-method | BIOCLIM rasters
bottom | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
bottom-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
breakPolys | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
breakPolys-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
buffer | Increase/decrease the size of a vector or around non-NA cells of a raster
buffer-method | Increase/decrease the size of a vector or around non-NA cells of a raster

## -- C --

c | "Stack" GRasters
c-method | "Stack" GRasters
categories | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
categories-method | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
catNames | Names of columns of the levels table of a categorical raster
catNames-method | Names of columns of the levels table of a categorical raster
cats | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
cats-method | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
ceiling | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
ceiling-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
cellSize | Area of GRaster cells
cellSize-method | Area of GRaster cells
centroids | Centroid(s) of a vector
centroids-method | Centroid(s) of a vector
classify | Classify GRaster cell values
classify-method | Classify GRaster cell values
clump | Group adjacent cells with similar values
clump-method | Group adjacent cells with similar values
clusterPoints | Identify clusters of points
clusterPoints-method | Identify clusters of points
colbind | Add columns to the data table of a GVector
colbind-method | Add columns to the data table of a GVector
combineLevels | Combine levels table from multiple categorical GRasters
combineLevels-method | Combine levels table from multiple categorical GRasters
Compare-method | Compare-methods operations on GRasters and GRegions
Compare-methods | Compare-methods operations on GRasters and GRegions
compareGeom | Determine if GRasters and/or GVectors are geographically comparable
compareGeom-method | Determine if GRasters and/or GVectors are geographically comparable
complete.cases | Rows of a GRaster or GVector's table that have no NAs or that have NAs
complete.cases-method | Rows of a GRaster or GVector's table that have no NAs or that have NAs
compositeRGB | Combine red, green, and blue color bands to make a composite GRaster
compositeRGB-method | Combine red, green, and blue color bands to make a composite GRaster
concats | Combine values/categories of multiple GRasters into a single GRaster
concats-method | Combine values/categories of multiple GRasters into a single GRaster
connectors | Create lines connecting nearest features of two GVectors
connectors-method | Create lines connecting nearest features of two GVectors
convHull | Minimum convex hull around a spatial vector
convHull-method | Minimum convex hull around a spatial vector
coordRef | Coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector
coordRef-method | Coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector
cos | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
cos-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
count | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
count-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
crds | Coordinates of a vector"s features or a raster"s cell centers
crds-method | Coordinates of a vector"s features or a raster"s cell centers
crop | Remove parts of a GRaster or GVector
crop-method | Remove parts of a GRaster or GVector
crs | Coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector
crs-method | Coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector

## -- D --

datatype | Get the datatype of a GRaster or of GVector columns
datatype-method | Get the datatype of a GRaster or of GVector columns
delaunay | Delaunay triangulation for points
delaunay-method | Delaunay triangulation for points
denoise | Remove or retain "noise" in a raster using PCA
denoise-method | Remove or retain "noise" in a raster using PCA
dim | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
dim-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
dim3d | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
dim3d-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
disagg | Coerce as multipart GVector to a singlepart GVector
disagg-method | Coerce as multipart GVector to a singlepart GVector
distance | Geographic distance
distance-method | Geographic distance
droplevels | Remove rows from the "levels" table of a categorical raster
droplevels-method | Remove rows from the "levels" table of a categorical raster
dropRows | Remove rows in a data.table, data.frame, or matrix.
dropRows-method | Remove rows in a data.table, data.frame, or matrix.
dropTable | Attach or detach GVector's data table
dropTable-method | Attach or detach GVector's data table

## -- E --

E | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
E-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
erase | Select parts of a polygon GVector erase shared by another polygon GVector
erase-method | Select parts of a polygon GVector erase shared by another polygon GVector
exp | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
exp-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
expanse | Area of polygons or length of lines
expanse-method | Area of polygons or length of lines
ext | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
ext-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
extend | Add rows and columns around a writeRaster
extend-method | Add rows and columns around a writeRaster
extract | Extract values from a GRaster at locations in a points GVector
extract-method | Extract values from a GRaster at locations in a points GVector

## -- F --

fast | Create a GRaster or GVector
fast-method | Create a GRaster or GVector
fastData | Get one of the example rasters or spatial vectors
faster | Set or get options shared across fasterRaster functions
fillHoles | Fill holes in a GVector
fillHoles-method | Fill holes in a GVector
fillNAs | Fill NA cells in a raster using interpolation
fillNAs-method | Fill NA cells in a raster using interpolation
fixBridges | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
fixBridges-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
fixDangles | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
fixDangles-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
fixLines | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
fixLines-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
floor | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
floor-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
flow | Identify watershed basins and direction and accumulation of flow
flow-method | Identify watershed basins and direction and accumulation of flow
flowPath | Path of water flow across a landscape
flowPath-method | Path of water flow across a landscape
focal | Calculate cell values based on values of nearby cells
focal-method | Calculate cell values based on values of nearby cells
fractalRast | Create fractal raster
fractalRast-method | Create fractal raster
fragmentation | Landscape fragmentation class following Riitters et al. (2020)
fragmentation-method | Landscape fragmentation class following Riitters et al. (2020)
freq | Frequencies of cell values in a raster
freq-method | Frequencies of cell values in a raster

## -- G --

geomorphons | Identify terrain feature types
geomorphons-method | Identify terrain feature types
geomtype | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)
geomtype-method | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)
global | Summary statistics for GRasters
global-method | Summary statistics for GRasters
GLocation | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
GLocation-class | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
grassGUI | Start the GRASS GUI (potentially dangerous!)
grassGUI-method | Start the GRASS GUI (potentially dangerous!)
grassHelp | Open the help page for a GRASS module
grassInfo | GRASS citation, version, and copyright information
grassStarted | Has "GRASS" been started or not?
GRaster | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
GRaster-class | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
GRegion | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
GRegion-class | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
grid | Create a grid GVector
grid-method | Create a grid GVector
GSpatial | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
GSpatial-class | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
GVector | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors
GVector-class | Classes for fasterRaster sessions, regions, rasters, and vectors

## -- H --

head | Return first or last part of the data frame of a GVector
head-method | Return first or last part of the data frame of a GVector
hexagons | Create a hexagonal grid
hexagons-method | Create a hexagonal grid
hillshade | Hillshading
hillshade-method | Hillshading
hist | Plot a histogram of raster values
hist-method | Plot a histogram of raster values
horizonHeight | Horizon height
horizonHeight-method | Horizon height

## -- I --

init | GRaster with values equal to row, column, coordinate, regular, or "chess"
init-method | GRaster with values equal to row, column, coordinate, regular, or "chess"
interpIDW | Interpolate values at points to a GRaster using inverse-distance weighting
interpIDW-method | Interpolate values at points to a GRaster using inverse-distance weighting
interpSplines | Interpolate values at points to a GRaster using splines
interpSplines-method | Interpolate values at points to a GRaster using splines
intersect | Intersection of two GVectors
intersect-method | Intersection of two GVectors
is.2d | Test if a GRaster or GVector is 2- or 3-dimensional
is.2d-method | Test if a GRaster or GVector is 2- or 3-dimensional
is.3d | Test if a GRaster or GVector is 2- or 3-dimensional
is.3d-method | Test if a GRaster or GVector is 2- or 3-dimensional
is.cell | Data type of a raster
is.cell-method | Data type of a raster
is.doub | Data type of a raster
is.doub-method | Data type of a raster
is.factor | Data type of a raster
is.factor-method | Data type of a raster
is.float | Data type of a raster
is.float-method | Data type of a raster
is.int | Data type of a raster
is.int-method | Data type of a raster
is.lines | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)
is.lines-method | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)
is.lonlat | Test if a coordinate reference system is unprojected
is.lonlat-method | Test if a coordinate reference system is unprojected
is.na | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
is.na-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
is.points | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)
is.points-method | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)
is.polygons | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)
is.polygons-method | Geometry of a GVector (points, lines, or polygons)

## -- K --

kernel | Kernel density estimator of points
kernel-method | Kernel density estimator of points
kurtosis | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
kurtosis-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters

## -- L --

layerCor | Correlation between GRasters
layerCor-method | Correlation between GRasters
levels | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
levels-method | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
levels<- | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
levels<--method | Set and get categories for categorical rasters
ln | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
ln-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log10 | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log10-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log10p | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log10p-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log1p | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log1p-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log2 | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
log2-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
Logic-method | Logic-methods operations on GRasters
Logic-methods | Logic-methods operations on GRasters
longlat | Create longitude/latitude rasters
longlat-method | Create longitude/latitude rasters

## -- M --

madChelsa | Rasters of bioclimatic variables for an eastern portion of Madagascar
madCoast | Shapefile of a portion of the coastline of Madagascar
madCoast0 | Spatial vector of a portion of the coastline of Madagascar
madCoast4 | Spatial vector of a portion of the coastline of Madagascar
madCover | Raster of land cover for an eastern portion of Madagascar
madCoverCats | Table of land cover classes for an eastern portion of Madagascar
madDypsis | Spatial points vector of records of Dypsis in eastern Madagascar
madElev | Elevation raster for an eastern portion of Madagascar
madForest2000 | Forest cover in year 2000 for a portion of Madagascar
madForest2014 | Forest cover in year 2014 for a portion of Madagascar
madLANDSAT | Rasters of surface reflectance for an eastern portion of Madagascar
madPpt | Rasters of average monthly precipitation for an eastern portion of Madagascar
madRivers | Major rivers in a selected portion of Madagascar
madTmax | Rasters of average monthly maximum temperature for an eastern portion of Madagascar
madTmin | Rasters of average monthly minimum temperature for an eastern portion of Madagascar
mask | Mask values in a raster
mask-method | Mask values in a raster
maskNA | Mask all non-NA cells or all NA cells
maskNA-method | Mask all non-NA cells or all NA cells
match | Find which cells of a GRaster match certain values
match-method | Find which cells of a GRaster match certain values
max | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
max-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
mean | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
mean-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
median | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
median-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
merge | Combine two or more rasters with different extents and fill in NAs
merge-method | Combine two or more rasters with different extents and fill in NAs
min | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
min-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
minmax | Minimum and maximum values or categories of a GRaster
minmax-method | Minimum and maximum values or categories of a GRaster
missing.cases | Rows of a GRaster or GVector's table that have no NAs or that have NAs
missing.cases-method | Rows of a GRaster or GVector's table that have no NAs or that have NAs
missingCats | Values in a categorical raster with no assigned category
missingCats-method | Values in a categorical raster with no assigned category
mmode | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
mmode-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
mow | Remove rasters and vectors from the GRASS cache

## -- N --

N | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
N-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
nacell | Number of NA or non-NA cells in a raster
nacell-method | Number of NA or non-NA cells in a raster
names | Name(s) of a GRaster or columns of a GVector's data table
names-method | Name(s) of a GRaster or columns of a GVector's data table
names<- | Name(s) of a GRaster or columns of a GVector's data table
names<--method | Name(s) of a GRaster or columns of a GVector's data table
ncell | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ncell-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ncell3d | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ncell3d-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ncol | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ncol-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ndepth | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ndepth-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
ngeom | Number of geometries and subgeometries in a vector
ngeom-method | Number of geometries and subgeometries in a vector
nlevels | Number of categories in a categorical raster
nlevels-method | Number of categories in a categorical raster
nlyr | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
nlyr-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
noise | Remove or retain "noise" in a raster using PCA
noise-method | Remove or retain "noise" in a raster using PCA
nonnacell | Number of NA or non-NA cells in a raster
nonnacell-method | Number of NA or non-NA cells in a raster
not.na | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
not.na-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
nrow | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
nrow-method | Number of rows, columns, depths, cells, and layers
nsubgeom | Number of geometries and subgeometries in a vector
nsubgeom-method | Number of geometries and subgeometries in a vector
nunique | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
nunique-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters

## -- P --

pairs | Scatterplot of values in each GRaster layer against the others
pairs-method | Scatterplot of values in each GRaster layer against the others
pcs | Retrieve a principal components model from a PCA GRaster
plot | Display a raster or vector
plot-method | Display a raster or vector
plotRGB | Create red-green-blue plot from a raster with RGB layers
plotRGB-method | Create red-green-blue plot from a raster with RGB layers
predict | Make predictions from a linear or generalized linear model to a GRaster
predict-method | Make predictions from a linear or generalized linear model to a GRaster
princomp | Apply a principal component analysis (PCA) to layers of a GRaster
princomp-method | Apply a principal component analysis (PCA) to layers of a GRaster
project | Change the coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector
project-method | Change the coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector

## -- Q --

quantile | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
quantile-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters

## -- R --

range | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
range-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
rast | Convert a GRaster to a SpatRaster
rast-method | Convert a GRaster to a SpatRaster
rasterize | Convert a GVector to a GRaster
rasterize-method | Convert a GVector to a GRaster
rbind | Combine one or more GVectors
rbind-method | Combine one or more GVectors
regress | Regression intercept, slope, r2, and t-value across each set of cells
regress-method | Regression intercept, slope, r2, and t-value across each set of cells
remove0 | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
remove0-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeAngles | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeAngles-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeBridges | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeBridges-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeDangles | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeDangles-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeDupCentroids | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeDupCentroids-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeDups | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeDups-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeSmallPolys | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
removeSmallPolys-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
reorient | Convert degrees between 'north-orientation' and 'east orientation'
reorient-method | Convert degrees between 'north-orientation' and 'east orientation'
replaceNAs | Replace NAs in a data.table or data.frame column, or in a vector
replaceNAs-method | Replace NAs in a data.table or data.frame column, or in a vector
res | Spatial resolution
res-method | Spatial resolution
res3d | Spatial resolution
res3d-method | Spatial resolution
resample | Change the cell size of a GRaster
resample-method | Change the cell size of a GRaster
rnormRast | Create a raster with random values drawn from a normal distribution
rnormRast-method | Create a raster with random values drawn from a normal distribution
round | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
round-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
rSpatialDepRast | Create a random raster with or without spatial dependence
rSpatialDepRast-method | Create a random raster with or without spatial dependence
ruggedness | Terrain ruggedness index
ruggedness-method | Terrain ruggedness index
runifRast | Create a raster with random values drawn from a uniform distribution
runifRast-method | Create a raster with random values drawn from a uniform distribution
rvoronoi | Create a randomly-positioned tesselation
rvoronoi-method | Create a randomly-positioned tesselation

## -- S --

S | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
S-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
sampleRast | Randomly sample cells from a GRaster
sampleRast-method | Randomly sample cells from a GRaster
scale | Center and scale a GRaster, or the opposite
scale-method | Center and scale a GRaster, or the opposite
scalepop | Center and scale a GRaster, or the opposite
scalepop-method | Center and scale a GRaster, or the opposite
sdpop | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
sdpop-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
segregate | Create one GRaster layer per unique value in a GRaster
segregate-method | Create one GRaster layer per unique value in a GRaster
selectRange | Select values from rasters in a stack based on values in another raster
selectRange-method | Select values from rasters in a stack based on values in another raster
seqToSQL | Format a numeric series into an SQL value call
simplifyGeom | Simplify the geometry of a vector
simplifyGeom-method | Simplify the geometry of a vector
sin | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
sin-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
sineRast | Sine wave rasters
sineRast-method | Sine wave rasters
skewness | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
skewness-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
smoothGeom | Smooth the geometry of a vector
smoothGeom-method | Smooth the geometry of a vector
snap | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
snap-method | Fix issues with geometries of a vector
sources | Name of a raster or vector in a GRASS session
sources-method | Name of a raster or vector in a GRASS session
spatSample | Sample random points from a GRaster or GVector
spatSample-method | Sample random points from a GRaster or GVector
sqrt | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
sqrt-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
stdev | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
stdev-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
streams | Create stream network
streams-method | Create stream network
stretch | Rescale values in a GRaster
stretch-method | Rescale values in a GRaster
st_as_sf | Convert a GVector to a SpatVector or sf vector
st_as_sf-method | Convert a GVector to a SpatVector or sf vector
st_buffer | Increase/decrease the size of a vector or around non-NA cells of a raster
st_buffer-method | Increase/decrease the size of a vector or around non-NA cells of a raster
st_coordinates | Coordinates of a vector"s features or a raster"s cell centers
st_crs | Coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector
st_crs-method | Coordinate reference system of a GRaster or GVector
subset | Subset layers from a GRaster, or specific rows from a GVector
subset-method | Subset layers from a GRaster, or specific rows from a GVector
subst | Replace a specific value(s) in a GRaster
subst-method | Replace a specific value(s) in a GRaster
sum | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
sum-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
sun | Solar radiance and irradiance

## -- T --

tail | Return first or last part of the data frame of a GVector
tail-method | Return first or last part of the data frame of a GVector
tan | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
tan-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
terrain | Slope, aspect, curvature, and partial slopes
terrain-method | Slope, aspect, curvature, and partial slopes
thinLines | Reduce linear features on a raster so linear features are 1 cell wide
thinLines-method | Reduce linear features on a raster so linear features are 1 cell wide
thinPoints | Reduce number of points in same raster cell
thinPoints-method | Reduce number of points in same raster cell
tiles | Divide a GRaster into spatially exclusive subsets
tiles-method | Divide a GRaster into spatially exclusive subsets
top | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
top-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
topology | Topology (2- or 3-dimensions) of a GRaster or GVector
topology-method | Topology (2- or 3-dimensions) of a GRaster or GVector
trim | Remove rows and columns from a raster that are all NA
trim-method | Remove rows and columns from a raster that are all NA
trunc | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters
trunc-method | Mathematical operations on each layer of a GRasters

## -- U --

union | Combine two GVectors
union-method | Combine two GVectors
unscale | Center and scale a GRaster, or the opposite
unscale-method | Center and scale a GRaster, or the opposite
update | Refresh metadata in a GRaster or GVector
update-method | Refresh metadata in a GRaster or GVector

## -- V --

var | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
var-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
varpop | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
varpop-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
vect | Convert a GVector to a SpatVector or sf vector
vect-method | Convert a GVector to a SpatVector or sf vector
vegIndex | Vegetation indices from surface reflectance
vegIndex-method | Vegetation indices from surface reflectance
vegIndices | Table of vegetation indices that can be calculated from remote sensing surface reflectance data using 'vegIndex()'. A near-comprehensive table of indices can be found on the Index Database: A Database for Remote Sensing Indices.
voronoi | Voronoi tessellation
voronoi-method | Voronoi tessellation

## -- W --

W | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
W-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
wetness | Topographic wetness index
wetness-method | Topographic wetness index
which.max | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
which.max-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
which.min | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
which.min-method | Mathematical operations on two or more GRasters
writeRaster | Save a GRaster to disk
writeRaster-method | Save a GRaster to disk
writeVector | Save a GVector to disk
writeVector-method | Save a GVector to disk

## -- X --

xor | Select parts of polygons not shared between two GVectors
xor-method | Select parts of polygons not shared between two GVectors
xres | Spatial resolution
xres-method | Spatial resolution

## -- Y --

yres | Spatial resolution
yres-method | Spatial resolution

## -- Z --

zext | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
zext-method | Spatial bounds of a GRaster or GVector
zonal | Statistics on cells of a GRaster stratified by cells of another raster
zonal-method | Statistics on cells of a GRaster stratified by cells of another raster
zonalGeog | Geographic statistics for sets of cells with the same values
zonalGeog-method | Geographic statistics for sets of cells with the same values
zres | Spatial resolution
zres-method | Spatial resolution

## -- misc --

$ | Subset a GRaster layer, or return values from a column of a GVector's table
$-method | Subset a GRaster layer, or return values from a column of a GVector's table
$<- | Replace a raster layer or a column from a vector's data table
$<--method | Replace a raster layer or a column from a vector's data table
%in% | Find which cells of a GRaster match certain values
%in%-method | Find which cells of a GRaster match certain values
%notin% | Find which cells of a GRaster match certain values
%notin%-method | Find which cells of a GRaster match certain values
[ | Subset geometries of a GVector
[-method | Subset geometries of a GVector
[<- | Replace values of a GRaster
[<--method | Replace values of a GRaster
[[ | Subset layers from a GRaster, or specific columns from a GVector
[[-method | Subset layers from a GRaster, or specific columns from a GVector
[[<- | Replace layers of a GRaster
[[<--method | Replace layers of a GRaster