6.7. Using X11

6.7.1. X.Org components

The X11 implementation available in The Ports Collection is X.Org. If your application depends on X components, set USE_XORG to the list of required components. Available components, at the time of writing, are:

bigreqsproto compositeproto damageproto dmx dmxproto evieproto fixesproto fontcacheproto fontenc fontsproto fontutil glproto ice inputproto kbproto libfs oldx printproto randrproto recordproto renderproto resourceproto scrnsaverproto sm trapproto videoproto x11 xau xaw xaw6 xaw7 xaw8 xbitmaps xcmiscproto xcomposite xcursor xdamage xdmcp xevie xext xextproto xf86bigfontproto xf86dgaproto xf86driproto xf86miscproto xf86rushproto xf86vidmodeproto xfixes xfont xfontcache xft xi xinerama xineramaproto xkbfile xkbui xmu xmuu xorg-server xp xpm xprintapputil xprintutil xpr oto xproxymngproto xrandr xrender xres xscrnsaver xt xtrans xtrap xtst xv xvmc xxf86dga xxf86misc xxf86vm.

Always up-to-date list can be found in /usr/ports/Mk/bsd.xorg.mk.

The Mesa Project is an effort to provide free OpenGL implementation. You can specify a dependency on various components of this project with USE_GL variable. Valid options are: glut, glu, glw, gl and linux. For backwards compatibility, the value of yes maps to glu.

範例 6.1. USE_XORG example
USE_XORG=   xrender xft xkbfile xt xaw
USE_GL=     glu

Many ports define USE_XLIB, which makes the port depend on all the 50 or so libraries. This variable exists for backwards compatibility, as it predates modular X.Org, and should not be used on new ports.

表格 6.5. Variables for ports that use X
USE_XLIBThe port uses the X libraries. Deprecated - use a list of X.Org components in USE_XORG variable instead.
USE_IMAKE會用到 imake 的 port。
USE_X_PREFIXDeprecated. Today it is equivalent to USE_XLIB and can be replaced by it freely.
XMKMFSet to the path of xmkmf if not in the PATH. Defaults to xmkmf -a.

表格 6.6. Variables for depending on individual parts of X11
X_IMAKE_PORTPort providing imake and several other utilities used to build X11.
X_LIBRARIES_PORTPort providing X11 libraries.
X_CLIENTS_PORTPort providing X clients.
X_SERVER_PORTPort providing X server.
X_FONTSERVER_PORTPort providing font server.
X_PRINTSERVER_PORTPort providing print server.
X_VFBSERVER_PORTPort providing virtual framebuffer server.
X_NESTSERVER_PORTPort providing a nested X server.
X_FONTS_ENCODINGS_PORTPort providing encodings for fonts.
X_FONTS_MISC_PORTPort providing miscellaneous bitmap fonts.
X_FONTS_100DPI_PORTPort providing 100dpi bitmap fonts.
X_FONTS_75DPI_PORTPort providing 75dpi bitmap fonts.
X_FONTS_CYRILLIC_PORTPort providing cyrillic bitmap fonts.
X_FONTS_TTF_PORTPort providing TrueType® fonts.
X_FONTS_TYPE1_PORTPort providing Type1 fonts.
X_MANUALS_PORTPort providing developer oriented manual pages

範例 6.2. Using some X11 related variables in port
# Use X11 libraries and depend on
# font server as well as cyrillic fonts.
RUN_DEPENDS=   ${LOCALBASE}/bin/xfs:${X_FONTSERVER_PORT} \
               ${LOCALBASE}/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic/crox1c.pcf.gz:${X_FONTS_CYRILLIC_PORT}

USE_XORG=      yes

6.7.2. Ports that require Motif

If your port requires a Motif library, define USE_MOTIF in the Makefile. Default Motif implementation is x11-toolkits/open-motif. Users can choose x11-toolkits/lesstif instead by setting WANT_LESSTIF variable.

The MOTIFLIB variable will be set by bsd.port.mk to reference the appropriate Motif library. Please patch the source of your port to use ${MOTIFLIB} wherever the Motif library is referenced in the original Makefile or Imakefile.

There are two common cases:

  • If the port refers to the Motif library as -lXm in its Makefile or Imakefile, simply substitute ${MOTIFLIB} for it.

  • If the port uses XmClientLibs in its Imakefile, change it to ${MOTIFLIB} ${XTOOLLIB} ${XLIB}.

Note that MOTIFLIB (usually) expands to -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lXm or /usr/X11R6/lib/libXm.a, so there is no need to add -L or -l in front.

6.7.3. X11 fonts

If your port installs fonts for the X Window System, put them in LOCALBASE/lib/X11/fonts/local.

6.7.4. Getting fake DISPLAY using Xvfb

Some applications require a working X11 display for compilation to succeed. This pose a problem for machines which operates headless. When the following variable is used, the build infrastructure will start the virtual framebuffer X server. The working DISPLAY is then passed to the build.

USE_DISPLAY=  yes

6.7.5. Desktop entries

可藉由設定 DESKTOP_ENTRIES 變數,以輕鬆設定 port 的 X 選單項目 (Desktop Entries,請參閱 Freedesktop standard)。 這些項目會在相應的桌面環境如 GNOME 或 KDE 的應用程式選單中出現。 .desktop 檔案 將會被建立、安裝以及自動加入 pkg-plist 中。語法為:

DESKTOP_ENTRIES=  "NAME" "COMMENT" "ICON" "COMMAND" "CATEGORY" StartupNotify

可供使用的分類可參考 Freedesktop 網站。 而 StartupNotify 變數會決定程式,是否支援 startup noficication 的環境。

範例:

DESKTOP_ENTRIES=  "ToME" "Roguelike game based on JRR Tolkien's work" \
                  "${DATADIR}/xtra/graf/tome-128.png" \
                  "tome -v -g" "Application;Game;RolePlaying" \
                  false

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