Chapter 3 ¦w¸Ë

Nik Clayton
3.1. ­Y­n¥Î³nºÐ¤ù¶}¾÷¨Ó¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ªº¸Ü¡A­n¤U¸ü­þ¨ÇÀɮשO¡H
3.2. ­YºÏ¤ù¸Ë¤£¤U image Àɪº¸Ü¡A¸Ó«ç»ò¿ì©O¡H
3.3. ¥i¥H¦b­þÃä§ä¨ì¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ªº¸Ñ»¡¨BÆJ©O¡H
3.4. ­n¶] FreeBSD »Ý­n¤°»òªº°t³Æ©O¡H
3.5. §Ú¹q¸£ RAM ¥u¦³ 4MB ¦Ó¤w¡A¥i¥H¸Ë FreeBSD ¶Ü¡H
3.6. ­n«ç¼Ë¤~¯à¦Û¦æ¥´³y±M¥Îªº¶}¾÷¡B¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù©O¡H
3.7. §Ú¹q¸£¤W¥i¥H¦³¦h­«§@·~¨t²Î¶Ü¡H
3.8. Windows ¥i¥H»P FreeBSD ¦@¦s©ó¹q¸£¤W¶Ü¡H
3.9. ¶ã.. Windows §â§Úªº¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)®³±¼¤F¡I­n«ç»ò±Ï¦^¨Ó©O¡H
3.10. IBM Thinkpad A¨t¦C¡BT¨t¦C©Î X¨t¦Cªºµ§°O«¬¹q¸£¸Ë§¹ FreeBSD ¤§«á­«¶}¾÷¡A´N·í¤F¡A¸Ó«ç»ò¿ì©O¡H
3.11. ¦³Ãa­yªºµwºÐ¥i¥H®³¨Ó¸Ë FreeBSD ¹À¡H
3.12. ¥Î¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù¶}¾÷®É¡A«o¦³¨Ç©Ç²{¶Hµo¥Í¡I³o¬O¤°»ò±¡ªp©O¡H
3.13. ¥Î¥úºÐ¶}¾÷¤ù¨Ó¦w¸Ë¡A¦ý¥úºÐ¶}¾÷«á¡A¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡»¡§ä¤£¨ì¥úºÐ...³o¬O«ç»ò¤F¡H
3.14. §Ú¥i¥H¥Î PLIP(Parallel Line IP)¤è¦¡¨Ó¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ¨ìµ§°O«¬¹q¸£¤W¶Ü¡H
3.15. ¸Ó¥Î­þ¤@ºØµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)©O¡H
3.16. ¤À³ÎºÏºÐ¾÷®É¦³¥ô¦ó­­¨î¶Ü¡S
3.17. ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î­þ¨ÇºÏºÐºÞ²zµ{¦¡(disk managers)©O¡H
3.18. FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë§¹²¦«á­«¶}¾÷¡A¦ý¬O¹q¸£«o»¡ ¡§Missing Operating System¡¨³o¬O«ç»ò¤F¡H
3.19. ¬°¤°»ò¾÷¾¹¤W¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)¥X²{¤F F? ³o­Ó¿ï³æµe­±¡A ¦ý«o¤£·|¦Û°Ê¸õ¹L¦ÓÄ~Äò¶}¾÷©O¡H
3.20. ¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ®É¡A»Ý­n¦w¸Ë§¹¾ãªº sources ¶Ü¡H
3.21. »Ý­n­«·s build kernel ¶Ü¡H
3.22. ±K½X½s½X¸Ó±Ä¥Î DES¡BBlowfish ©Î MD5 ªº­þ¤@ºØ¡H¸Ó«ç»ò³]©w©O¡H
3.23. ¬°¤°»ò¶}¾÷ºÏ¤ù¶}¨ì¤@¥b¡A´N¥X²{ Probing Devices... ªºµe­±°T®§¡AµM«á´N°±¦í¤F¡H
3.24. ¨t²Î¸Ë§¹¨Ã­«¶}¾÷«á¡A¬°¤°»ò«o¥X²{ ¡§panic: can't mount root¡¨¡H
3.25. °O¾ÐÅé³Ì¤j­­¨î¬°¦h¤Ö¡H
3.26. Àɮרt²Î³Ì¤j­­¨î¬°¦h¤Ö¡H
3.27. ¬°¦ó¦b±Ò°Ê·sªº kernel ®É¡A¬Ý¨ì ¡§archsw.readin.failed¡¨ ¿ù»~°T®§¡H
3.28. ¡§security profiles¡¨ ¬O«ü¤°»ò¡H
3.29. ¦b¶}¾÷®É¡A¿ï¾Ü¨Ï¥Î ACPI «h¦b¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{´N±¾¤F¡A¸Ó«ç»ò¿ì¡H

3.1. ­Y­n¥Î³nºÐ¤ù¶}¾÷¨Ó¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ªº¸Ü¡A­n¤U¸ü­þ¨ÇÀɮשO¡H

FreeBSD 4.X ªº¸Ü¡A»Ý­n¨â­Ó image ÀÉ¡G floppies/kernel.flp ¤Î floppies/mfsroot.flp¡Cimage ÀÉ¥²¶·¥Î¤u¨ã¹³¬O fdimage ©Î dd(1) ¨Ó¶Ç°e¨ìºÏ¤ù¤W¡C ­Y¬O¦b FreeBSD 5.3 (¤Î¤§«áª©¥»)¦³­«·s³W¹º¶}¾÷¤ù¬[ºc¡A©Ò¥H­n§ìªº¬O floppies/boot.flp ¥H¤Î floppies/kernX ÀÉ®×(¥Ø«e X ¬° 1 ¸ò 2 ¨â­Ó¡A¥[¤W floppies/boot.flp¡AÁ`¦@¬O 3 ­ÓÀÉ®×)¡C

­Y·Q¦Û¤v¤U¸ü distributions ªº¸Ü(¤ñ¦p¥H MS-DOS® Àɮרt²Î®æ¦¡¦w¸Ë)¡A ¥H¤U¬O«ØÄ³­n§ìªº distributions ¡G

  • base/ (4.X ª©¥»«h¬° bin/)

  • manpages/

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  • doc/

  • src/ssys.*

§¹¾ã¦w¸Ë¨BÆJ¥H¤Î¤j³¡¤Àªº¦w¸Ë°ÝÃD¡A½Ð°Ñ¾\ FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥Uªº ¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ³¹¸`

3.2. ­YºÏ¤ù¸Ë¤£¤U image Àɪº¸Ü¡A¸Ó«ç»ò¿ì©O¡H

¤@±i 3.5 ­^¦T(1.44MB) ªººÏºÐ¤ù¬O¥i¥H¸Ë¤W 1474560 bytes ªº¸ê®Æ ¡A¦Ó¶}¾÷¤ùªº image Àɮפj¤p¹ê»Ú¤W¤]¬O 1474560 bytes¡C

¦b»s§@¶}¾÷¤ù®É¡A±`¨£¿ù»~¦³¡G

  • ¨Ï¥Î FTP ¨Ó¤U¸üÀɮ׮ɡA ¥¼¿ï¾Ü binary ¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡¨Ó¤U¸ü¡C

    ¦³¨Ç FTP clientºÝµ{¦¡¡A¬O¹w³]±N¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡³]©w¬° ascii ¼Ò¦¡¡A¦Ó¥B·|­×§ï±µ¦¬¨ìªºÀɮצæ§À¦r¦ê¬° client ºÝªº§@·~¨t²Î¤è¦¡ ¡A¤ñ¦p newline(UNIX®®æ¦¡) ¨ì¤F§@·~¨t²Î¬° Windows® ªº client ºÝ·|³Q§ï¬° CR-LF(MS-DOS®æ¦¡)¡A ³o·|¨Ï±o image ÀÉ¥»¨­¾D¨ì­×§ï¦ÓµLªk¥¿±`¨Ï¥Î¡C¦]¦¹¡A¦pªG¤U¸üªº image Àɮפj¤p­Y»P FTP ¥D¾÷¤W­±ªºÀɮסy¤£¤@­P¡z ªº¸Ü¡A½Ð­«·s¨Ï¥Î binary ¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡¤U¸ü§Y¥i¡C

    FTP «ü¥O: ¶i¤J FTP ¤§«á¡A¥´ binary «ü¥O¡A§Y¥i¤Á´«¨ì binary ¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡¡AµM«á¦A¤U¸ü¬ÛÃö image ÀɮסC

  • ª½±µ¥Î MS-DOS ªº copy «ü¥O(©ÎÃþ¦ü ªº GUI µ{¦¡¡B©Î¬Oµøµ¡¤Wª½±µ½Æ»s)¨Ó½Æ»s¶}¾÷¥Îªº image ÀɨìºÏ¤ù¤W¡C

    ¤£¥i¥H¥Î¹³¬O copy ³oÃþµ{¦¡ª½±µ±N image Àɽƻs¨ìºÏ¤ù¤W¡A¦]¬° image ÀÉ¥»¨­¥]§t¤F§¹¾ãªººÏ­y¸ê®Æ¡A©Ò¥H¤£¯à³æ¯Â¥Î½Æ»s¤è¦¡¡A ¦Ó¥²¶·¨Ï¥Î§C¶¥¤u¨ãµ{¦¡(¹³¬O fdimage ©Î rawrite)¡A ¥H ¡§raw¡¨ ¤è¦¡¶Ç°e¨ìºÏ¤ù¤W¡C(³o³¡¤À¥i°Ñ¾\ FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¤Wªº ¦w¸Ë FreeBSD)

3.3. ¥i¥H¦b­þÃä§ä¨ì¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ªº¸Ñ»¡¨BÆJ©O¡H

¦w¸Ë¨BÆJªº¸Ñ»¡¡A½Ð°Ñ¾\ FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¤Wªº ¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ³¹¸`³¡¤À¡C

3.4. ­n¶] FreeBSD »Ý­n¤°»òªº°t³Æ©O¡H

FreeBSD 4.X ¤§«eªºª©¥»¡AµwÅé»Ý¨D¬° 386 ©Î§ó°ª¯Åªº PC ¡A°O¾ÐÅé(RAM)¦Ü¤Ö­n 5 MB ©Î§ó¦h¡AµwºÐªÅ¶¡¦Ü¤Ö­n 60 MB ©Î§ó¦h¡C ¤£¹L¡AFreeBSD ¡y¨t²Î¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡¡zªº°O¾ÐÅé(RAM)»Ý¨D¬°¦Ü¤Ö 16 MB¡C

±q FreeBSD 5.X °_¡AµwÅé»Ý¨D¬° 486 ©Î§ó°ª¯Åªº PC ¡A°O¾ÐÅé(RAM)¦Ü¤Ö­n 24 MB ©Î§ó¦h¡AµwºÐªÅ¶¡¦Ü¤Ö­n 150 MB ©Î§ó¦h¡C

FreeBSD ªº©Ò¦³ª©¥»³£¥i¥H¥u¥Î§C¶¥ªº MDA ³W®æÅã¥Ü¥d¡A¤£¹L...­n¶] X11R6 µøµ¡ªº¸Ü¡A ÁÙ¬O¦Ü¤Ö¥Î VGA ©Î§ó¦n³W®æªºÅã¥Ü¥d¨Ó¥Î§a¡C

³o³¡¤À¤]¥i°Ñ¾\ Chapter 4¡C

3.5. §Ú¹q¸£ RAM ¥u¦³ 4MB ¦Ó¤w¡A¥i¥H¸Ë FreeBSD ¶Ü¡H

¦w¸Ë FreeBSD 4.X ªº°O¾ÐÅé»Ý¨D¬°¦Ü¤Ö 5 MB ¡A¦Ó ¦w¸Ë FreeBSD 5.X (§t¤§«áª©¥») «h¬O¦Ü¤Ö­n 8 MB ¡C

¦b 5.X ¤§«eªº©Ò¦³ FreeBSD ª©¥»¡A³£¥i¥H¥u¥Î 4 MB ªº°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó ¡y¹B§@¡z¡A¤£¹L¡A«e­±¨º¸`§Ú­Ì»¡¹L¤F¡y¨t²Î¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡¡zªº¸Ü¡A «hµLªk¥u¥Î 4 MB ªº°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó°õ¦æ¡C¦]¦¹¡A§A¥i¥H¥ý¦b¡y¨t²Î¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡¡z³o¨BÆJ¤§«e¡A ¥ý±N°O¾ÐÅé¥[¨ì 16 MB ¥H¤W¡A¦w¸Ë§¹ FreeBSD ¤§«á¡A´N¥i¥H§â¦h¾lªº°O¾ÐÅ鮳¤U¨Ó¡C ©ÎªÌ¬O¡A¥ý§â­n¦w¸ËªºµwºÐ®³¨ì¦³¨¬°÷°O¾ÐÅ骺¾÷¾¹¤W¥ý¸Ë¦n¡A µM«á¦A§âµwºÐ©ñ¦^­ì¾÷¾¹¡C

¦¹¥~¡A¥u¥Î 4 MB ªº°O¾ÐÅé¨Ó¹B§@ªº¸Ü¡A¥²¶·­n¦Û»s kernel(®³±¼¤£¥²­nªº¥H¤ÎÄ묹¤@¨ÇªF¦è)¡C ¤]¦³¤H¦¨¥\¥u¥Î 2 MB ªº°O¾ÐÅé¥H FreeBSD ¶}¾÷(ÁöµM³o¼Ëªº¨t²Î´X¥Gµ¥©ó¼o¤F..)

3.6. ­n«ç¼Ë¤~¯à¦Û¦æ¥´³y±M¥Îªº¶}¾÷¡B¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù©O¡H

¥Ø«e¡AÁÙ¨S¦³¿ìªk¡y¥u¡z¦Û»s±M¥Îªº¶}¾÷¡B¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù¡C ¥²¶·³z¹L¦Û¦æ¥´³y§¹¾ã§@·~¨t²Îªº release(µo¦æ)¡A³o¼Ë¸Ì­±¤~·|¥]¬A¦Û¤vªº¶}¾÷¡B¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù¡C

­Y·Q¦Û¦æ¥´³y¡Bµo¦æ(release)¤@­Ó§¹¾ãªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A½Ð°Ñ¾\³o½g Release Engineering ¤å³¹¡C

3.7. §Ú¹q¸£¤W¥i¥H¦³¦h­«§@·~¨t²Î¶Ü¡H

¥i¥H§r¡A½Ð°Ñ¾\ ¦h­«§@·~¨t²Î ³o½g¤å³¹¡C

3.8. Windows ¥i¥H»P FreeBSD ¦@¦s©ó¹q¸£¤W¶Ü¡H

¥ý¸Ë Windows ¦A¸Ë FreeBSD¡C ¨º»ò FreeBSD ¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)´N·|¥X²{¿ï³æÅý§A¿ï¾Ü­n¥H Windows ©Î FreeBSD ¨Ó¶}¾÷¡C¤£¹L¡A­Y§A¬O¥ý¸Ë FreeBSD ¦A¸Ë Windows ªº¸Ü¡A ¨º»ò Windows ±N·|¤£°Ý¥ý®_¡A§â FreeBSD ªº¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)»\±¼¡A ·í§A¹J¤W³oºØ±¡ªp®É¡A½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¤U¤@¸`»¡©ú¡C

3.9. ¶ã.. Windows §â§Úªº¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)®³±¼¤F¡I­n«ç»ò±Ï¦^¨Ó©O¡H

¥i¥H¥Î¥H¤U¤TºØ¤è¦¡¤§¤@¡A¨Ó±Ï¦^§Aªº FreeBSD ¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)¡G

  • ¥i¥H±q¦U FreeBSD FTP ¯¸ªº /pub/FreeBSD/tools/ §ä¨ì bootinst.exe ¤Î boot.bin ³o¨â­ÓÀÉ¡A ¥H binary ¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡¤U¸ü«á¡A½Æ»s¨ìºÏ¤ù¤W¡A¦A¥Î DOS ¶}¾÷¤ù¶}¾÷¡A ±µµÛ¥´Ãþ¦ü¤U­±ªº«ü¥O¡G

    > bootinst.exe boot.bin
    

    ³o¼Ë¡A¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)´N·|­«¸Ë§¹²¦¤F¡C

  • ¥Î FreeBSD ¶}¾÷¤ù¶}¾÷¡AµM«á¿ï³æ¨ºÃä¿ï Custom installation(¦Û­q¦w¸Ë)¡A ¦A¿ï Partition¡A±µµÛ¿ï¾Ü§A­n¸Ë¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)ªºµwºÐ(³q±`¬O²Ä¤@Áû)¡A µM«á·|¥X²{ partition editor ªºµe­±¡A³o®É½Ð¤£­n°µ¥ô¦ó­×§ï¡Aª½±µ«ö W Àx¦s¡A ³o®Éµ{¦¡´N·|°Ý¬O§_­n½T©w Write ¡A³Ì«á¥X²{ Boot Manager ¿ï¾Üµe­±¡A °O±o­n¿ï ¡§Boot Manager¡¨ ¡A³o¼Ë´N·|­«·s±N¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager) ¦w¸Ë¨ìµwºÐ¤W¡C²{¦b¡A´N¤j¥\§i¦¨¥i¥HÂ÷¶}¦w¸Ë¿ï³æ¨Ã­«¶}¾÷¤F¡C

  • ¥Î FreeBSD ¶}¾÷¤ù©Î¬O¶}¾÷¥úºÐ¶}¾÷¡AµM«á¿ï³æ¨ºÃä¿ï ¡§Fixit¡¨ ¡A©Î¬O¥H Fixit ¶}¾÷¤ù©Î¬O¥úºÐ¦w¸Ëªº²Ä¤G¤ù(¿ï¾Ü ¡§live¡¨ filesystem ¿ï¶µ)µM«á´N·|¶i¤J fixit shell ¤F¡A±µµÛ¥´¤U¦C«ü¥O¡G

    Fixit# fdisk -B -b /boot/boot0 bootdevice
    

    ½Ð±N¤W­±ªº bootdevice ­×§ï¬°±z¹ê»Úªº¶}¾÷µwºÐ¥N¸¹ ¤ñ¦p ad0 (²Ä¤@Áû IDE µwºÐ) ¡A©Î¬Oad4 (first IDE disk on auxiliary controller), da0 (²Ä¤@Áû SCSI µwºÐ)µ¥µ¥¡C

3.10. IBM Thinkpad A¨t¦C¡BT¨t¦C©Î X¨t¦Cªºµ§°O«¬¹q¸£¸Ë§¹ FreeBSD ¤§«á­«¶}¾÷¡A´N·í¤F¡A¸Ó«ç»ò¿ì©O¡H

(¥»°ÝÃD¥D­n¬Oµo¥Í¦b 2000 ~ 2001 ¥|¤ë¶¡®É)³o¨Ç IBM ¾÷¾¹¤Wªº BIOS ¦­´Áª©¥»¦³­Ó¯äÂÎ(bug)·|§â FreeBSD ¤À³Î°Ï»~»{¬°¬O FAT ®æ¦¡¤À³Î°Ï¡AµM«á·í BIOS ¸ÕµÛ°»´ú FreeBSD ¤À³Î°Ï®É¡A´N·|·í¤F¡C

®Ú¾Ú IBM ¤è­±ªº»¡ªk[1] ¡A¥H¤U«¬¸¹/BIOSª©¥»ªº¾÷ºØ¡A¤w¸g³£¦³­×¥¿¡G

«¬¸¹ BIOS ª©¥»
T20 IYET49WW(§t¤§«á)
T21 KZET22WW(§t¤§«á)
A20p IVET62WW(§t¤§«á)
A20m IWET54WW(§t¤§«á)
A21p KYET27WW(§t¤§«á)
A21m KXET24WW(§t¤§«á)
A21e KUET30WW

³o¨Ç«á´Áªº IBM BIOS ­×­qª©¤j¦h¤w¸g­×¥¿¦¹¤@¯äÂΡCJacques Vidrine ¼gµ¹ FreeBSD laptop computer ¶l»¼½×¾Â ªº ³o«Ê«H ¤W­±»¡©ú¤F­Y§A·sªº IBM µ§°O«¬¹q¸£µLªk¶¶§Q¥H FreeBSD ¶}¾÷ªº¸Ñªk¨BÆJ (°²³]¥i¥H¤É¯Å©Î­°¯Å BIOS ª©¥»ªº¸Ü)¡C

¦pªG¾÷¾¹¥Îªº¬O¸û¥j¦­ª©¥»ªº BIOS¡A¦Ó¥B¤£¾A¦X§ó·s BIOS ªº¸Ü¡A¨º»ò¥H¤U§Ú­Ì·|¤¶²Ð¼È®É¸Ñªk¡A ±Ð§A¦p¦ó­×§ï FreeBSD ¤À³Î°Ï©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº ID ¡A¨Ã¦w¸Ë¬ÛÃö­×¸Éµ{¦¡¡C

First, you will need to restore the machine to a state where it can get through its self-test screen. Doing this requires powering up the machine without letting it find a FreeBSD partition on its primary disk. One way is to remove the hard disk and temporarily move it to an older ThinkPad (such as a ThinkPad 600) or a desktop PC with an appropriate conversion cable. Once it is there, you can delete the FreeBSD partition and move the hard disk back. The ThinkPad should now be in a bootable state again.

With the machine functional again, you can use the workaround procedure described here to get a working FreeBSD installation.

  1. ±q http://people.FreeBSD.org/~bmah/ThinkPad/ ¨Ó¤U¸ü boot1 ¤Î boot2 ³o¨â­ÓÀÉ¡C §â³o¨â­ÓÀɮשñ¦bºÏ¤ù¡B¥úºÐ©Î¨ä¥LµwºÐ¤W¡C

  2. ¥H¤@¯ë¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ¸Ë¨ì ThinkPad ¤W¡A°O±o ¡y¤£­n¥Î¡z Dangerously Dedicated ¼Ò¦¡¡C ¦¹¥~¡A¡y¤£­n¡z ¦b§¹¦¨¦w¸Ë¤§«á´N­«¶}¾÷¡C

  3. ¶i¤J shell¡G(«ö ALT+F4) ¤Á´«¨ì¡§Emergency Holographic Shell¡¨ ©Î¬O¿ï³æ¤W­±¿ï¾Ü ¡§fixit¡¨ shell¡C

  4. ¥Î fdisk(8) §â FreeBSD ¤À³Î°Ï ID ¥Ñ 165 §ï¬° 166(OpenBSD©Ò¨Ï¥ÎªºID)¡C

  5. §â­è­è´£ªº boot1 ¸ò boot2 ³o¨â­ÓÀɮשñ¨ì¥Ø«eªºµwºÐÀɮרt²Î¤W¡C

  6. ¥H disklabel(8) §â boot1 ¤Î boot2 ¦s¨ì§Aªº FreeBSD slice ¤W­±¡C

    # disklabel -B -b boot1 -s boot2 ad0sn
    

    ¡un¡v ¬O§A¸Ë FreeBSD ªº slice¡A ½Ð±N ¡un¡v §ï¬°²Å¦X§A¨t²Î²{ªpªº slice¡C

  7. ­«¶}¾÷¡A¦b boot prompt ·|¬Ý¨ì¦³ OpenBSD ªº¿ï¶µ¡A ¿ï¥¦¡A³o¼Ë´N·|¥H FreeBSD ¶}¾÷¡C

¥t¥~¡A¦Ü©ó¦p¦óÅý OpenBSD ¤Î FreeBSD ¨Ã¦s¦b¦P¤@¥x IBM ThinkPad ¤W... ³o­Ó°ÝÃD´N¥æµ¹¦U¦ì¬Ý­¾­Ì¥h¹Á¸Õ¤F :p

3.11. ¦³Ãa­yªºµwºÐ¥i¥H®³¨Ó¸Ë FreeBSD ¹À¡H

(¦pªG«Ü°í«ùªº¸Ü)¤]¬O¥i¥H¡A¤£¹L³o·QªkÅãµM¤£¤Ó©ú´¼¡C:(

¦pªG¦b¤@¯ë¸û·sªº IDE µwºÐ¤W¬Ý¨ì¦³Ãa­y¡A«Ü¦³¥i¯à¥Nªí¡G³oÁûµwºÐ§Y±N±¾ÂI¤F¡C (¦]¬°¥Ø«e©Ò¦³¸û·sªº IDE µwºÐ¡A¤º³¡³£¦³¦Û°Ê remapping Ãa­yªº¯à¤O¡C ¦pªG¬Ý¨ì¦³Ãa­y¡A«hªí¥Ü¥¦¤º³¡¦Û°Ê remapping ¥\¯à¥¢®Ä¡AµLªk³B²zÃa­y¡A ¤]´N¬O»¡³oÁûµwºÐ¤w¸g¬OÄY­«·lÃaµ{«×¤F¡C)§Ú­Ì«ØÄ³¶RÁû·sµwºÐ¤ñ¸û°®¯Ü¨Ç­ò¡C

¦pªG¬O SCSI µwºÐ¦³Ãa­yªº¸Ü¡A½Ð¸ÕµÛ°Ñ¦Ò³o­Ó ¸Ñªk¡C

3.12. ¥Î¦w¸ËºÏ¤ù¶}¾÷®É¡A«o¦³¨Ç©Ç²{¶Hµo¥Í¡I³o¬O¤°»ò±¡ªp©O¡H

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  3. ­Y§A¬O Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP/2003 ¨Ó¤U¸ü¡B»s§@¶}¾÷ºÏ¤ùªº¸Ü¡A ½Ð½T©w¬O§_¦³¦b DOS ¼Ò¦¡¨Ï¥Î fdimage ©Î rawrite ³o¨â­Ó¤u¨ãµ{¦¡¡H­èÁ¿ªº³o¨Ç§@·~¨t²Î¡A ³£·|¼vÅTµ{¦¡¥hª½±µ¼g¤JµwÅé¡A¹³¬O»s§@¶}¾÷¤ù¤§Ãþªº°Ê§@¡C ¦³®É­Ô¡A¦b GUI ¤¶­±¤Wªº DOS shell ¤]¥i¯à·|µo¥Í³o¼Ëªº°ÝÃD¡C

¦¹¥~¡Aª½±µ³z¹L Netscape® ÂsÄý¾¹¤U¸ü image Àɪº¸Ü¡A¤]¦³Ãþ¦ü²{¶H¡C ©Ò¥H¡A¦pªG¥i¥Hªº¸Ü¡A½Ð§ï¥Î¨ä¥L¥i¥H½Õ¾ã³]©wªº FTP clientºÝµ{¦¡¨Ó¶i¦æ¤U¸ü¡C (·íµM¡A­n°O±o½Õ binary ¶Ç¿é¼Ò¦¡)

3.13. ¥Î¥úºÐ¶}¾÷¤ù¨Ó¦w¸Ë¡A¦ý¥úºÐ¶}¾÷«á¡A¦w¸Ëµ{¦¡»¡§ä¤£¨ì¥úºÐ...³o¬O«ç»ò¤F¡H

³q±`°ÝÃD¦b©ó¥úºÐ¾÷³]©w¿ù»~¡C¥Ø«e«Ü¦h¹q¸£ªº¥X¼t¼Ð·Ç°t³Æ³£¦³¥úºÐ¾÷¡A¨Ã¥B ·|¹w¥ý³]©w¬° IDE ³q¹D¤W­± Secondary ªº Slave ³]³Æ¡A¦Ó Secondary ¤W­±ªº «o¨S¦³ Master ³]³Æ¡C¥H ATAPI ªº³W®æ¦Ó¨¥¡A³o¬O¿ù»~ªº³]©w¡AµM¦Ó Windows ªº§@ªk ¬O¤£²z·|³o¨Ç³W®æ¤Wªº³]©w°ÝÃD¡A¦Ó¥B¶}¾÷®É BIOS °»´ú¤]·|²¤¹L³oÂI¡C ³o¤]´N¬O¬°¤°»ò BIOS ¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¥úºÐ¡A¨Ã¥B¥i¥Î¥úºÐ¶}¾÷¡A¦ý FreeBSD µLªk¥¿±`§ì¨ì¥úºÐ¥H¶¶§Q¶i¦æ¦w¸Ë¡C

¸Ñªk¡G­«·s³]©w¨t²Î¡AÅý¥úºÐ¦¨¬°¥¦©Ò³s±µ¨º±ø IDE ³q¹Dªº Master¡A ©ÎªÌ¥u¦³¤@±ø IDE ³q¹Dªº¸Ü¡A¨º´NÅý¥úºÐ¾÷¦¨¬° Slave ¡A·íµM¸Ó IDE ³q¹D¤W¦Ü¤Ö­n¦³ Master ³]³Æ¡C

3.14. §Ú¥i¥H¥Î PLIP(Parallel Line IP)¤è¦¡¨Ó¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ¨ìµ§°O«¬¹q¸£¤W¶Ü¡H

¥i¥H¡A¥Î¤@±ø´¶³qªº Laplink ½u´N¥i¥HÅo¡C­Y¦³³o¤è­±»Ý¨Dªº¸Ü¡A½Ð°Ñ¾\ FreeBSD ¨Ï¥Î¤â¥U¤¤ªº PLIP ³¹¸` ªº²Ó³¡³]©w

3.15. ¸Ó¥Î­þ¤@ºØµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)©O¡H

Note: ³o¸Ìªº¡yµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)¡z¡A«üªº¬OµwºÐ¤Wªº ¡ucylinders¡v¡B¡uheads¡v¡B¡usectors/track¡v ³o¤T­Ó³]©w°Ñ¼Æ¡C ±µ¤U¨Óªº¤å³¹¤º¡A¬°¤F¤è«K¤¶²Ð¡A±N²ºÙ¬°¡yC/H/S¡z¡C ³o¨Ç³]©w°Ñ¼Æ¬OÅý PC ¤Wªº BIOS ¯à¶¶§Q¦a¥¿±`§P§OµwºÐ¡A »PµwºÐ¥»¨­Åª¼gªº­«­n¦]¯À¡C

¹ï­è±µ¤âªº¨t²ÎºÞ²zªÌ·s¤â¦Ó¨¥¡A³o¨Ç³]©w°Ñ¼Æ±`³y¦¨¤@¨Ç§xÂZ¡C ­º¥ý¡ASCSI µwºÐ¤Wªº physical geometry ¸ò FreeBSD ¤Wªº disk blocks ¬O§¹¥þµLÃöªº¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A ´NµwºÐ¤WºÏ°Ï±K«×ªºÅܤƦӨ¥¡A¨Ã¨S¦³©Ò¿×¡yphysical geometry¡z³oºØªF¦è¡C µwºÐ»s³y°Ó©Ò»¡ªº¡yphysical geometry¡z³q±`¬O«ü¡G µwºÐ¤W©Ò¨Ï¥Î³Ì¤pªÅ¶¡¨Ó¦s©ñ¸ê®Æªº³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)¡C ¥H IDE µwºÐ¦Ó¨¥¡AFreeBSD ¥Î¥H¦s¨úµwºÐ³]©wªº¤è¦¡¬O C/H/S ¡A µM¦Ó¡A¥Ø«e¥«­±¤WªºµwºÐ¦­´N¦b¤º³¡¹B§@®É¡A´N¦Û°ÊÂà´«¬° block ¤è¦¡ ¤F¡C

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¥H SCSI µwºÐ¦Ó¨¥¡AµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)¬O¥Ñ SCSI ¥d¤Wªº extended translation(³q±`«üªº¬O¦³¼Ð¥Ü ¡§support >1GB¡¨(¤ä´© 1GB ¥H¤W®e¶q¡A©ÎÃþ¦ü¦Wµü) ¤ä´©»P§_¨Ó§@¨M©w¡C ¦pªG¤£¤ä´©¡A¨º»ò´N·|±Ä¥Î N cylinders¡B 64 heads¡B 32 sectors/track §@¬°µwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)¡A³o¸ÌÁ¿ªº¡yN¡z ¬O«üµwºÐªº®e¶q(³æ¦ì¡GMB)¡CÁ|­Ó¨Ò¤l¨Ó»¡¡A¤@Áû 2GB µwºÐÀ³¸Ó¬O 2048 cylinders¡B64 heads¡B32 sectors/track¡C

¦pªG¸Ó SCSI ¦³¤ä´©¨Ï¥Î extended translation ªº¸Ü¡A (³q±`³o­Ó¤è¦¡¦b MS-DOS ¨Ï¥Î¤W¦³¬Y¨Ç­­¨î)¡A¨Ã¥BµwºÐ®e¶q¤j©ó 1GB¡A ¨º»òµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)´N·|¨Ï¥Î¹³¬O¡G M cylinders¡B255 heads¡B¨CºÏ­y 63 sectors(½Ðª`·N¡G¤£¬O¡y64¡z®@)¡A ³o¸ÌÁ¿ªº¡yM¡z¬O«üµwºÐªº®e¶q(³æ¦ì¡GMB)¦A°£¥H 7.844238 ©Ò±o¥Xªº¼Æ­È³á¡I©Ò¥H¡A³o­Ó¨Ò¤lªº¸Ü¡A¦P¼Ë¬O 2GB µwºÐÀ³¸Ó¬O 261 cylinders¡B255 heads¡B¨CºÏ­y 63 sectors¡C

­Y¹ï¤W­±Á¿ªº¤£ÁA¸Ñ¡A©Î¬O FreeBSD ¦b¦w¸Ë®É©Ò°»´ú¨ìªºµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry) ¦³°ÝÃDªº¸Ü¡A³Ì²³æªº¸Ñªk³q±`¬O¦bµwºÐ¤W«Ø¥ß¤@¶ô¤p¤pªº DOS ¤À³Î°Ï(partition)¡C ³o¼Ë¤@¨Ó¡A´N¥i¥H°»´ú¨ì¥¿½TªºµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ¤F¡A¦Ó¥B¡A ¦pªG¤£·QÄ~Äò¯dµÛ¨º¤p¶ô DOS ¤À³Î°Ïªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥HÀH®É¥Î partition editor ¨Ó®³±¼¥¦¡C©ÎªÌ§â¥¦¯dµÛ·í§@ºô¸ô¥dÅX°Êµ{¦¡¨Ï¥Î¡A©ÎÀH§A°ª¿³«ç»ò¥Î¥¦¡C

¦¹¥~©O¡A¦³­Ó§K¶O¦n¥Îªº¤u¨ãµ{¦¡¥s°µ¡ypfdisk.exe¡z¡A ³o­Óµ{¦¡©ñ¦b¦U FreeBSD FTP ¯¸©Î¥úºÐªº tools ¥Ø¿ý¤U¡A ¥¦¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó§ä¥XµwºÐ¤W¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î©Ò¨Ï¥ÎªºµwºÐ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ¡A µM«á´N¥i¥H¦b partition editor ¤º¿é¤J­è­è§ä¨ìªº¨º¨Ç³]©w°Ñ¼Æ´N¥i¥H¤F¡C

3.16. ¤À³ÎºÏºÐ¾÷®É¦³¥ô¦ó­­¨î¶Ü¡S

¦³¡A§A¥²¶·½T»{§Aªº root ¤À³Î°Ï¬O¦b 1024 cylinders ¤§¤º¡AÅý BIOS ¥i¥H±q¨ä¤¤±Ò°Ê®Ö¤ß¡C(ª`·N¡G³o¬O PC ªº BIOS ¥\¯à­­¨î¡A¦Ó¤£ ¬O FreeBSD ªº)

¥H SCSI µwºÐ¦Ó¨¥¡A³q±`¬O§â root (/) ¤À³Î°Ï©ñ¨ìµwºÐ³Ì«e­±ªº 1024MB (¦pªG¦³¤ä´© extended translation ªº¸Ü¡A ¨º»ò¬O³Ì«e­±ªº 4096MB ¡X ³oÂI½Ð°Ñ¦Ò¤W¤@¤p¸`)¡C¦Ó IDE µwºÐªº¸Ü¡A¬Û¹ïÀ³ªº«h¬O 504MB¡C

3.17. ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î­þ¨ÇºÏºÐºÞ²zµ{¦¡(disk managers)©O¡H

FreeBSD ¥i¥H¥Î Ontrack Disk Manager ¨Ã¥B¹B§@¥¿±`¡A ¦Ü©ó¨ä¥Lªº disk manager «h¤£¦b¥¿¦¡¤ä´©¤§¦C¡C

­Y¾ãÁûµwºÐ¥u¸Ë FreeBSD ¡A¨º»ò´N¤£¥Î¦A¸Ë disk manager ¤F¡C ¥u­n§âµwºÐ³]©w¬° BIOS ©Ò¯à§ì¨ìªº³Ì¤jªÅ¶¡¡A¨º»ò FreeBSD ´N¥iºâ¥X¹ê»Ú¤W¥i¨Ï¥ÎªºªÅ¶¡¤F¡C ¦pªG¡A¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Îªº¬O¥j¦­ MFM ±±¨î¥dªºÂ¦¡µwºÐ¡A ¨º»ò´N»Ý­n¦b FreeBSD¤º§@ cylinders ¬ÛÃö³]©w¤F¡C

¦pªG·Q¦bºÏºÐ¤W¨Ï¥Î FreeBSD ©M¥t¥~ªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A¤]¥i¥H¤£¸Ë disk manager¡A ¥u­n½T©w FreeBSD ªº±Ò°Ê¤À³Î°Ï¸ò¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Îªº slice ³£¦ì©ó¶}©lªº 1024 cylinders ¤º´N¥i¥H¤F¡C¦pªG§A¬Û·í¦a°ª©úªº¸Ü¡A¤@­Ó 20MB ªº±Ò°Ê¤À³Î°ÏÀ³¸Ó´N°÷¥Î¤F¡C

3.18. FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë§¹²¦«á­«¶}¾÷¡A¦ý¬O¹q¸£«o»¡ ¡§Missing Operating System¡¨³o¬O«ç»ò¤F¡H

³q±`­ì¦]¥X¦b FreeBSD ¤Î DOS ©Î¨ä¥L§@·~¨t²Î¦bµwºÐªº ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry)¤Wªº³W¹º¦³¬Û½Ä¡C¸Ñªk¬O­«¸Ë¡A¦ý¬O½Ð·Ó ¤W­zªº¬ÛÃö³¹¸`¨BÆJ¨Ó°µ¡C

3.19. ¬°¤°»ò¾÷¾¹¤W¦h­«¶}¾÷ºÞ²z­û(boot manager)¥X²{¤F F? ³o­Ó¿ï³æµe­±¡A ¦ý«o¤£·|¦Û°Ê¸õ¹L¦ÓÄ~Äò¶}¾÷©O¡H

³o­Ó¯gª¬¬O¥»¤å¤W­±©Ò´£ªº¥t¥~¤@­Ó°ÝÃD¤F¡A­ì¦]¦b©ó BIOS ¤W¸ò FreeBSD ¤W­±¨âÃ䪺µwºÐªº ³]©w°Ñ¼Æ(geometry) ¨Ã¤£¤@­P¡C ­Y§AµwºÐ©Î BIOS ¤ä´© cylinder translation (³q±`·|³Q¼Ð¬° ¡§support >1GB(¤ä´© 1 GB¥H¤W®e¶q)¡¨ªº¸Ü¡A ¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý§ó§ï¬ÛÃö³]©w¡A¨Ã­«¸Ë FreeBSD¡C

3.20. ¦w¸Ë FreeBSD ®É¡A»Ý­n¦w¸Ë§¹¾ãªº sources ¶Ü¡H

¤@¯ë¨Ó»¡¡A³o¬O¥Î¤£µÛªº¡CµM¦Ó¡A§Ú­Ì±j¯P«ØÄ³±zªº source ¦Ü¤Ö­n¸Ë base(¥]§t¤F¥»¤å¤¤©Ò´£ªº¤@¨ÇÀÉ®×)¡B¥H¤Î sys (kernel ªº source ÀÉ)¡C ÁöµM¡A§@·~¨t²Î¥»¨­¹B¬O¤£»Ý­n¸Ë source ÀÉ¡A¦ý¬O config(8) ³o­Ó kernel³]©wµ{¦¡«h»Ý­n src ¡C ­Y¨S¸Ë kernel ªº source ÀÉ¡A¤´µM¥i¥H¥Î¨ä¥L¦a¤è³z¹L NFS ±¾¸üªº°ßŪÀɮרt²Î¡A ¨Ó½s͵{¦¡¡C ¦ý¥Ñ©ó kernel-source ¥»¨­ªº­­¨î¡A§Ú­Ì«ØÄ³¤£­nª½±µ mount ¦b /usr/src¡A ³Ì¦n¬O¥Î symbolic link(°Ñ¾\ ln(1)) ±N±¾¸üªº¸ô®|¡A³]©w³sµ²¨ì/usr/src ¥Ø¿ý¡C

¦b¾÷¾¹¤Wª½±µ¸Ë¦³ source ¨Ã¥BÁA¸Ñ¬ÛÃö½s͹Lµ{¡A³o¼Ë¤l¤é«á¤É¯Å FreeBSD ·|¨Ó±o¤è«K¦h¡C

­Y§Ñ¤F¸Ë¬ÛÃö source ªº¸Ü¡A¥i¥H¨Æ«á¥Î sysinstalll (FreeBSD 5.2 ¤§«eª©¥»«h¬O /stand/sysinstall) ¨Ó¸É¸Ë¡A¿ï³æ¡GConfigure ¡÷ Distributions ¡÷ src¡C

3.21. »Ý­n­«·s build kernel ¶Ü¡H

¦b«Ü¤[«Ü¤[¥H«e¡A­ì¥»­«·s build kernel ¦b FreeBSD ¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{¤¤¡A ¬Oµ´¹ï¥²»Ýªº¨BÆJ¤§¤@¡C¦ý¥Ø«e¦­´N¤£¥Î³o»ò³Â·Ð¤F¡A ¥Ø«e¥D­n±`¨£ªºª©¥»³£¨Ï¥Î§ó¤Íµ½ªº kernel ³]©w«ü¥O¡C FreeBSD 4.X(§t¤§«eª©¥»)¡A¦b FreeBSD ±Ò°Ê´£¥Ü¸¹(boot:)®É¡A¨Ï¥Î "-c" flag ´N·|¶i¤J³]©wµe­±¡A¨Ó¹ï kernel §@±`¨£ªº ISA ¥d²Ó¸`³]©w¡C ¦Ó FreeBSD 5.X(§t¤§«áª©¥»)ªº¸Ü¡A«h¬O¥H§ó¨ã¼u©Êªº "hints" ³]©w¤è¦¡¡C

¦pªG·Q§ó¸`¬Ù RAM ªº¨Ï¥Î¡BÁYµu¶}¾÷¬yµ{¡A¨º»ò«ØÄ³¡G·sªº kernel ³]©wÀÉ¥u­n¥]§t§A»Ý­nªºÅX°Êµ{¦¡¡A µM«á­«·s½sĶ¡B¦w¸Ë kernel ¨Ã­«¶}¾÷¡CµM¦Ó©O¡A³oÂI¹ï¤j¦h¼Æªº¨t²Î¨Ó»¡¡A ³o¤£¤@©w¬O¥²­nªº¡C

3.22. ±K½X½s½X¸Ó±Ä¥Î DES¡BBlowfish ©Î MD5 ªº­þ¤@ºØ¡H¸Ó«ç»ò³]©w©O¡H

FreeBSD ¹w³]ªº±K½X½s½X¤è¦¡¬O±Ä MD5¡C ´N±K½X½s½X¤è¦¡¦Ó¨¥¡AMD5 ¤è¦¡¤@¯ë³Qµø¬°¤ñ¶Ç²Î UNIX ªº DES ¤è¦¡¸û¬°¦w¥þ¡C µM¦Ó¡A­Y¦³»Ý­n¦b¨Ï¥ÎÂÂÀô¹Ò(¸û¤£¦w¥þªº±K½X½s½X¤è¦¡ªº)¡ADES ±K½X½s½X¤è¦¡¤@¼Ë¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¡C (­Y¨Ï¥Î sysinstall ®É¦³¿ï¾Ü ¡§crypto¡¨ ®M¥ó¡A©Î¬O±q source ¤º½sͦw¸Ë) ¦³¸Ë crypto ªº¸Ü¡Acrypto libraries ¤]¤ä´©§ó¦w¥þªº Blowfish ½s½X¤è¦¡¡C

±K½X½s½Xªº¤è¦¡¬O¥Ñ /etc/login.conf ¤ºªº ¡§passwd_format¡¨ Äæ¦ì¨Ó¨M©wªº¡C¸ÓÄæ³]©w­È¡A(­Y¦³¸Ë crypto ªº¸Ü)¥i¥H¬O ¡§des¡¨ ©Î ¡§blf¡¨ ©Î¬O­ì¥»ªº ¡§md5¡¨¡C ¸Ô±¡½Ð°Ñ¾\ login.conf(5) »¡©ú¡C

3.23. ¬°¤°»ò¶}¾÷ºÏ¤ù¶}¨ì¤@¥b¡A´N¥X²{ Probing Devices... ªºµe­±°T®§¡AµM«á´N°±¦í¤F¡H

­Y¾÷¾¹¤W¦³¸Ë IDE ¤¶­±ªº Iomega Zip® ©Î¬O Jaz® ªº¸Ü¡A ¦]¬°³o¨Ç³]³Æ¥i¯à¸ò¶}¾÷¤ù¦³¬Û½Ä¡A½Ð¥ý®³±¼³o¨Ç³]³Æ¦A­«¸Õ¡C ·í¾ã­Ó§@·~¨t²Î¸Ë¦n«á¡A´N¥i¥H§â³o¨Ç³]³Æ±µ¦^¥h¨Ï¥Î¤F¡C §Æ±æ³oÂI¦b¤é«á release ªº FreeBSD ¥i¥HÀò±o¹ý©³¸Ñ¨M¡C

3.24. ¨t²Î¸Ë§¹¨Ã­«¶}¾÷«á¡A¬°¤°»ò«o¥X²{ ¡§panic: can't mount root¡¨¡H

³o­Ó¿ù»~¬O¦]¬°±Ò°ÊºÏ°Ï¸ò kernel ¨âªÌ¹ïºÏºÐ¸Ë¸mªº»{ª¾¤£¬Û¦P¡C ³q±`³o°ÝÃD·|µo¥Í¦b¦³¨âÁû IDE µwºÐªº¨t²Î¡A¤ñ¦p¡GµwºÐ Jumper ³]©w¬° Master¡B ©Î¬O¨â±ø IDE ±Æ½u¦U¥u³s±µ¤@ÁûµwºÐ¡A¦ý¬O¸Ë FreeBSD ¨ºÁû¶}¾÷µwºÐ¡A «o±µ¦b Secondary IDE ±Æ½u¤W¡C ¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¡A¦b¶}¾÷®É·í kernel «ü©w²Ä¤G­Ó IDE ±±¨î¾¹ªº²Ä¤@­ÓºÏºÐ¾÷ ad2¡A ±Ò°ÊºÏ°Ï«o»{¬°¨t²Î¬O¸Ë¦b ad0(BIOS°»´úªº²Ä¤GÁûµwºÐ)¡I °»´ú§¹¸Ë¸m«á¡Akernel ¸ÕµÛ§â±Ò°ÊºÏ°Ï©Ò»{¬°ªº¶}¾÷µwºÐ(ad0) mount °_¨Ó¡A¨Æ¹ê¤WÀ³¸Ó¬O ad2 ¤~¹ï¡A©Ò¥H´N·|¥X²{¤W­±ªº¿ù»~°T®§¤F¡C

¸Ñªk¦p¤U¡A½Ð¿ï¾Ü¨ä¤¤¤@ºØ¤è¦¡´N¦n¡G

  1. ­«¶}¾÷¨Ã¦b¥X²{¡yBooting kernel in 10 seconds; hit [Enter] to interrupt¡z ´£¥Üªº®É­Ô¡A«ö¤U EnterÁä¡C ³o¼Ë¤l´N·|¶i¤J boot loader µe­±¡G

    ½Ð¿é¤J set root_disk_unit="disk_number" ³o¸Ìªº¡ydisk_number¡z½Ð¨Ì¾Ú±¡ªp´«¦¨¬ÛÃö¥N¸¹¡G ­Y FreeBSD µwºÐ¬O³]©w¸Ë¦b Primary IDE ±µ½uªº Master¡A´N³]¬° 0 ¡F ­Y¬O Primary IDE ±µ½uªº Slave¡A´N³]¬° 1¡F ­Y¬O Secondary IDE ±µ½uªº Master¡A´N³]¬° 2¡F ­Y¬O Secondary IDE ±µ½uªº Slave¡A´N³]¬° 3¡C

    ±µµÛ½Ð¦A¿é¤J boot¡AµM«á¨t²ÎÀ³¸Ó´N¥i¥H¥¿±`¶}¾÷¤F¡C

    ­Y­n¨C¦¸¶}¾÷³£¦Û°Ê³]©w¡A¦Ó¤£¥²¨C¦¸³£¥´¤@¦¸¡A¨º»ò´N¦b /boot/loader.conf.local Àɮפº¥[¤W root_disk_unit="disk_number" ³o¦æ (·íµM¡A¡ydisk_number¡z­n§ï¦¨¬ÛÃö¥N¸¹)

  2. §â FreeBSD µwºÐ§ï±µ¨ì Primary IDE ±µ½u¤W¡A¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó´N¥i¶¶§Q¨Ï¥Î¡C

3.25. °O¾ÐÅé³Ì¤j­­¨î¬°¦h¤Ö¡H

¤@¯ë i386" ¾÷¾¹¤W³Ì¦h¥i¤ä´©¨ì 4 GB(gigabytes)¡C ¦Ó¦Û FreeBSD 4.9 ¤Î 5.1 ¥i¥H¶}©l¨Ï¥Î pae(4) ¨Ó¤ä´©§ó¦hªº°O¾ÐÅé¡C ¦³Ãö³oÂI¡A»Ý­n¦b kernel ³]©wÀɤº¥[¤J¤U¦C¤º®e¨Ã­«·s½sĶ kernel¡A¤~¯à¨Ï¥Î PAE¡C

options       PAE

FreeBSD ¦b pc98 ¾÷¾¹¤W³Ì¦h«h¥u¤ä´© 4 GB ¡A¦Ó¥B¤£¯à¨Ï¥Î PAE¡C ¦b Alpha ¾÷¾¹¤W¡A°O¾ÐÅé­­¨î¤è­±­nµø©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº«¬¸¹¤ä´©µ{«×¦Ó©w¡A³oÂI½Ð°Ñ¾\ ©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº Alpha µwÅé³W®æªí¡C¦Ü©ó¨ä¥L¬[ºcªº FreeBSD ²z½×¤W³Ì¦h¥i¨Ï¥Îªº°O¾ÐÅé¡A¦³¸û¦hªº­­¨î¡C

3.26. Àɮרt²Î³Ì¤j­­¨î¬°¦h¤Ö¡H

´NÀɮרt²Î¤è­±¡A²z½×¤Wªº­­¨î¬O³Ì¦h¨ì 8TB(2G blocks)¡A ©Î¬O¨Ï¥Î¤º©w 8K block ¤j¤p®É¡A­­¨î¬O 16TB¡C ¹ê»Ú¤W¡A¥Ø«e³nÅé¨Ï¥Î¤W­­¨î¥u¯à¥Î¨ì 1 TB¡A µM¦Ó¦pªG¬O¦³¥t¦æ§ï³y¹LÀɮרt²Î¡A¨º»ò¹F¨ì 4TB ªº¥Ø¼Ð¬O¥i¦æªº (¤]¦³¤H¦¨¥\¹L)¡C

³æ¤@Àɮתº¤j¤p¤è­±¡A°²¦p block ¥H 4K §@³W¹ºªº¸Ü¡A «h³Ì¤j¬OÁͪñ 1G blocks(4TB)¡C

Table 3-1. Àɮפj¤pªº³Ì¤j­­¨î

Àɮרt²Î block ¤j¤p works should work
4K 4T-1 >4T
8K >32G 32T-1
16K >128G 32T-1
32K >512G 64T-1
64K >2048G 128T-1

When the fs block size is 4K, triple indirect blocks work and everything should be limited by the maximum fs block number that can be represented using triple indirect blocks (approx. 1K^3 + 1K^2 + 1K), but everything is limited by a (wrong) limit of 1G-1 on fs block numbers. The limit on fs block numbers should be 2G-1. There are some bugs for fs block numbers near 2G-1, but such block numbers are unreachable when the fs block size is 4K.

block ¤j¤p¦pªG¬O 8K ©Î§ó¤j¡AÀɮרt²Î block ¼Æ¥Ø·|³Q­­¨î¦b 2G-1 ¡A¦ý¹ê»Ú¤WÀ³¸Ó»¡­­¨î¬O 1G-1 ¤~¹ï¡A¦]¬°±Ä¥Î 2G-1 block ªºÀɮרt²Î·|¾É­P¤@¨Ç°ÝÃD¡C

3.27. ¬°¦ó¦b±Ò°Ê·sªº kernel ®É¡A¬Ý¨ì ¡§archsw.readin.failed¡¨ ¿ù»~°T®§¡H

­ì¦]¥X¦b§Aªº world ¥H¤Î kernel ¨Ã¤£¦P¨B¡AÁ|¨Ò¡Gkernel ¥Î 4.11¡A ¦Ó world «o¬O 4.8¡A³o¼Ë¬O·|¦³°ÝÃDªº¡C ½Ð¦A¦¸½T»{¡A¬O§_¦³¥H make buildworld ¤Î make buildkernel ¨Ó¥¿±`§ó·s kernel¡C

¦b±Ò°Ê loader ¤§«e¡A·|¬Ý¨ì "|" ³o­Ó²Å¸¹¦bÂà°Ê¡A³o®É¥i¥H«ö¥ô¦óÁ䤤Â_¡A µM«á¦A«ü©w­n¸ü¤J­þ­Ó kernel ¨Ó¶}¾÷¡C

3.28. ¡§security profiles¡¨ ¬O«ü¤°»ò¡H

A ¡§security profile¡¨ is a set of configuration options that attempts to achieve the desired ratio of security to convenience by enabling and disabling certain programs and other settings. For full details, see the Security Profile section of the Handbook's post-install chapter.

3.29. ¦b¶}¾÷®É¡A¿ï¾Ü¨Ï¥Î ACPI «h¦b¦w¸Ë¹Lµ{´N±¾¤F¡A¸Ó«ç»ò¿ì¡H

¸Õ¸Õ¬ÝÃö³¬ ACPI support¡C ·í¦b¸ü¤J bootloader®É¡A«ö¤UªÅ¥ÕÁä¡C ¨t²Î·|Åã¥Ü

OK
³o®É¿é¤J
unset acpi_load
±µµÛ¥´
boot
¥HÄ~Äò¶}¾÷¡A³o¼Ë¤lÀ³¸Ó´N¥i¥H¤F¡C

Notes

[1]

¤@«Ê¨Ó¦Û Keith Frechette ªº e-mail ¡C

¥»¤å¤Î¨ä¥L¤å¥ó¡A¥i¥Ñ¦¹¤U¸ü¡Gftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/¡C

­Y¦³ FreeBSD ¤è­±ºÃ°Ý¡A½Ð¥ý¾\Ū FreeBSD ¬ÛÃö¤å¥ó¡A¦p¤£¯à¸Ñ¨Mªº¸Ü¡A¦A¬¢¸ß <questions@FreeBSD.org>¡C
Ãö©ó¥»¤å¥óªº°ÝÃD¡A½Ð¬¢¸ß <doc@FreeBSD.org>¡C