The Project Gutenberg eBook of Stories from the Iliad: Or, the siege
of Troy, by Jeanie Lang

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
using this eBook.

Title: Stories from the Iliad: Or, the siege of Troy
       Told to the Children Series

Author: Jeanie Lang

Illustrator: W. Heath Robinson

Release Date: May 19, 2022 [eBook #68127]

Language: English

Produced by: D A Alexander and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
             at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images
             made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.) Thank
             you to the librarians at Brigham Young University for
             providing high quality scans of the cover.

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK STORIES FROM THE ILIAD: OR,
THE SIEGE OF TROY ***





  TOLD TO THE CHILDREN SERIES

  EDITED BY LOUEY CHISHOLM


  STORIES
  FROM THE ILIAD



NOTE


I have to acknowledge my indebtedness to Mr. Ernest Myers, Mr. Walter
Leaf, and Mr. Andrew Lang for their translation of The Iliad, of which
free use has been made in this little book.

                                                  J. L. L.




[Illustration: Into the sleeping heart of Helen there came remembrance
(page 33)]




  STORIES FROM

  THE ILIAD

  OR

  The Siege of Troy

  TOLD TO THE CHILDREN BY

  JEANIE LANG

  WITH PICTURES BY

  W. HEATH ROBINSON

  LONDON: T. C. & E. C. JACK
  NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO.




  TO
  HUGO MEYNELL CYRIL IONIDES
  AND
  INGRAM AMYAS IONIDES




ABOUT THIS BOOK


For two Greek boys have I made this little book, which tells them in
English some of the stories that they soon will read for themselves in
the tongue of their forefathers.

But the stories are not only for boys whose fatherland lies near the
sunny sea through which ships, red-prowed and black, fared in the
long-ago days.

Of such great deeds, by such brave men, do they tell, that they must
make the hearts of all English boys, and of boys of every nation under
the sun, grow big within them.

And when, in the gallant-sounding music of the Greek tongue in which
the tales first were told, these boys read the story of the Siege of
Troy, they must surely long to fight as fought the Greeks in days
of old, and long to be heroes such as those who fought and who died
without fear for the land that they loved.

                                                  JEANIE LANG.




CONTENTS


                                                    Page

        The Story of what led to the Siege of Troy,    1

  Chap.

     I. How Achilles and Agamemnon fell out,           6
    II. The Council,                                  17
   III. The Fight between Paris and Menelaus,         28
    IV. How Menelaus was wounded; and the Brave
        Deeds of Diomedes,                            39
     V. Hector and Andromache,                        53
    VI. The Fight between Hector and Ajax,            61
   VII. The Burning of the Dead; and the Battle of
        the Plain,                                    67
  VIII. The Message to Achilles,                      79
    IX. The White Horses of Rhesus,                   86
     X. The Fighting on the Plain,                    97
    XI. How Patroclus Fought and Died,               103
   XII. The Rousing of Achilles,                     111




LIST OF PICTURES


  Into the sleeping heart of Helen there came remembrance,
                                                _Frontispiece_

                                                       At page

  Many were the heroes who sailed away from Greece,          4
  Achilles, fleetest of foot and bravest of all Greek
     heroes,                                                 8
  Mars, like a thunder-cloud, swept upwards through the
     sky to Olympus,                                        52
  Agamemnon heard the sound of pipe and flute and
     laughter of men, as the Trojans feasted and made
     merry,                                                 86
  The point of the spear flew over the left shoulder of
     Patroclus,                                            108
  The making of the arms of Achilles,                      112
  The shadow of Death came down upon Hector,               116




THE STORY OF WHAT LED TO THE SIEGE OF TROY


In the deep forest that clothes Mount Ida, not far from the strong city
of Troy, Paris, son of King Priam, watched his father’s flocks by night.

Suddenly through the dim woods he saw a light, as if the golden sun and
silver moon shone both together.

And, lo! in the radiance of this light there stood before him the
three fairest of the goddesses--queenly Hera, wise Athene, and lovely
Aphrodite.

Like music stealing through the trees came the soft voice of Hera:

‘Of all mortal men art thou the most beautiful, Paris, and to thee do
we come for judgment. Tell us which of us is the fairest of all, and to
that one whom thou so deemest, give this golden apple.’

So spake Hera, and placed in the hand of Paris an apple of purest gold.

Again she spake: ‘If to me, Hera, queen of goddesses, and wife of
mighty Zeus, king of all the gods, thou dost grant the prize of
loveliness, Power immeasurable shall be thine. King shalt thou be of
the lands where the grey dawn rises, and king even to where the red sun
goes down. A hundred peoples shall call thee lord.’

She was silent, and the voice of Athene, fair and pure as a silver
moonbeam, broke the stillness of the starless night.

‘To me award the prize,’ she said, ‘and wise as the gods shalt thou be.
With me as thy friend and guide, all things will be possible to thee.’

Last of all, standing in a rosy light, as of the dawning sunlight in
the spring, spoke Aphrodite.

‘What are Power and Wisdom, fair Paris?’ she pled. ‘Wisdom and Power
bring no joy at last. I will give thee Love, and for thy wife thou
shalt have the fairest woman in all the world.’

And Paris, the melody of her voice still in his ears, as he gazed
spellbound on her face of wondrous beauty, handed to Aphrodite the
golden prize.

So was it that the wrath of the gods came upon Paris, son of Priam. For
Hera and Athene, filled with rage, vowed to be revenged upon Paris and
all his race, and made all the gods pledge themselves to aid them in
their vengeance.

Across far seas sailed Paris, with Aphrodite as his guide, to Sparta,
where Menelaus was king.

A brave king was Menelaus, and happily he lived in his kingdom with
Helen, his queen, fairest of all women. One child they had, a little
maid, Hermione.

When to Sparta there came Paris, with eyes blue as the sea, and hair
that gleamed like gold on his purple robe, gallant and brave, and more
beautiful than any mortal man, glad was the welcome that he had from
Menelaus.

And when Paris gazed on Helen’s face, he knew that in all the world
there was no woman half so fair as the wife of Menelaus.

Then did Aphrodite cast her magic upon Helen.

No longer did she love her husband, nor did she remember little
Hermione, her own dear child.

When Paris spoke to her words of love, and begged her to flee with him,
and to be his wife, she knew only that she loved Paris more than all
else. Gladly she went with him, and in his red-prowed ship together
they sailed across the green waves to Troyland, where Mount Ida showed
her snowy crown high above the forests.

An angry man was Menelaus when he found that Paris had stolen from him
the fair wife who was to him as his own heart.

To his elder brother Agamemnon, overlord of all the Greeks, he went and
told his grievous tale.

And from far and wide did the Greek hosts gather, until a hundred
thousand men and eleven hundred fourscore and six ships were ready to
cross the seas to Troyland.

[Illustration: Many were the heroes who sailed away from Greece (page
5)]

Many were the heroes who sailed away from Greece to punish Paris and
his kin, and to bring back fair Helen to her own land.

Few there were who came home, for ten long years of woe and of spilling
of blood came to the men of Greece and of Troy from the fatal beauty of
Helen the queen.




CHAPTER I

HOW ACHILLES AND AGAMEMNON FELL OUT


Before the walls of Troy the Greeks set their camp, and day by day and
night by night did they besiege it.

One day would the Greeks win the fight, and the next day the Trojans
would be victors in the battle.

And so passed nine long years away. To the city of Chryse one day went
part of the Greek host, sacked it, and brought back to their camp rich
spoils and many prisoners.

Among the prisoners was a beautiful maiden, Chryseïs, daughter of the
old priest of the Temple of Apollo. Her did Agamemnon choose as his
part of the spoil, to be his slave.

From Chryse, seeking his daughter, came the old priest. With him he
brought a rich ransom to buy the freedom of Chryseïs, and in his hands
he bore a golden staff wrapped round with the garland worn by Apollo,
to show that the god whose priest he was, was with him in craving a
boon from Agamemnon, overlord of the Greeks.

‘Take this ransom, I pray you, and set ye my dear child free,’ pled
Chryses, ‘and the gods will grant you to lay waste the city of Troy,
and to fare happily homeward.’

Then the Greeks gladly agreed that Chryseïs should go home with her
father, and that the goodly ransom should be theirs. But Agamemnon, in
great wrath, drove the old man away.

‘Let me not find thee, old man, lingering here beside the ships, lest
the golden staff and garland of the god help thee naught!’ he cried.
‘Your daughter shall grow old as my slave, and never more return to thy
land. Get ye gone!’

Silently along the shore of the sounding sea walked Chryses the priest.

Alone he knelt down and prayed to Apollo, his god.

‘Hear me, god of the silver bow!’ he cried. ‘If I have built thee a
temple that is fair in thine eyes, and have offered unto thee there
the flesh of bulls and goats, hear me! Let the Greeks be paid by thine
arrows for my tears!’

High up amongst the peaks of Olympus Apollo heard the prayer of his
priest, and great anger filled his heart.

As dark night falls upon the earth, so did the god come to where
Agamemnon and his armies lay. A little apart from the ships he sat
down, and drew back with a dreadful clang the string of his silver bow.

Mules and dogs fell at first before his arrows of death. Then he smote
men.

For nine days did the Greeks fall dead at the will of the avenging god.
For nine days did the black smoke from the funeral pyres of the Greek
warriors roll out to sea.

On the tenth day Achilles, son of a mortal warrior and a goddess,
fleetest of foot and bravest of all Greek heroes, called an assembly of
the Greeks.

[Illustration: Achilles, fleetest of foot, and bravest of all Greek
heroes (page 8)]

‘War and pestilence ravage us,’ he said. ‘Surely it is time to inquire
of a priest or soothsayer why it is that Apollo is so wroth.’

Then Chalcas, wisest of soothsayers, arose and spoke.

‘These woes have come upon us,’ said he, ‘for the wrong that Agamemnon
hath done to Chryses, priest of Apollo. With his arrows of pestilence
Apollo will not cease to slay until we have given the bright-eyed
Chryseïs back to her father, unbought and unransomed, and have taken
a hundred beasts and offered them up at Chryse as a sacrifice to the
angry god.’

So spake Chalcas, and sate him down.

There uprose then from his seat the great Agamemnon, black anger in his
heart, and with eyes flashing fire.

‘Ill prophet art thou indeed, Chalcas!’ he cried. ‘Naught but evil
hast thou ever foretold to me! I would not take a goodly ransom for
Chryseïs, because I love her even more than I love my own wedded wife.
Yet will I give her back, rather than that my people should perish.
But another prize must I have! Why should I alone, of all the Greeks,
have my prize taken from me? It is not seemly that it should be so.’

‘Nay, nay! most noble Agamemnon,’ said Achilles. ‘Too greedy art thou
for gain. We have no common store of treasure with which to repay thee
for that thou hast lost. What spoil we got from the cities we have
taken hath already been divided. Nay, give back Chryseïs to her father,
and when next we sack a city, thine shall be the richest spoil of all.’

‘Dost seek to cheat me, Achilles?’ answered the angry Agamemnon.
‘Wouldst thou rob me of my prize and give me naught instead? If thou
wilt not give me the reward my honour seeks, then will I seize it for
myself--be it thine, or that of Odysseus, or the spoil of any other;
wroth will be he to whomsoever I come. But of this hereafter. Now let
us launch a black ship on the sea, and in it embark Chryseïs of the
fair cheeks, and with her send an offering of beasts, that Apollo the
Far-Darter may have his sacrifice.’

Then Achilles, with black brows, looked at Agamemnon.

‘Shameless art thou!’ he cried, ‘shameless and crafty. For thy sake and
that of Menelaus thy brother left I my home and fared across the seas
to fight in Troyland. And now thou, dog-face! dost threaten to steal
from me the spoil that I have won for myself by weary toil and by hard
fighting. Home will I go, for I have no mind to fight for one who is
greedy for riches and wealth, and cares not if I am dishonoured.’

‘Flee, then, if thou wilt,’ answered Agamemnon. ‘Others I have as
brave as thee, and ready to do me honour. Most hateful art thou to me,
Achilles. Ever thou lovest strife and wars and fightings. I care not
for thee and thy wrath; and this I tell thee: to thy hut I myself will
go and take from thee Briseis, fairest of all thy slaves, that thou
may’st know that I, Agamemnon, am thy lord and ruler.’

Mad with anger was Achilles at these words. His hand gripped his sword,
and he would have slain Agamemnon, had not the goddess Athene stayed
his hand.

‘Why art thou come hither?’ angrily asked Achilles, as he looked round
and beheld the goddess at his side. ‘Art thou come to see the insolence
of Agamemnon? Yea, I tell thee, through pride shall he lose his life.’

Gently then did Athene speak to him.

‘To stay thine anger I came from far Olympus,’ said she. ‘Goodly gifts
shall come to thee hereafter, Achilles. Only stay thine hand and listen
to me.’

Then said Achilles:

‘Goddess, a man must needs listen to thee and do thy bidding, for the
man who obeys the immortal gods will also be heard of them.’

Therewith did he grip his sword by its silver hilt and thrust it back
into its sheath; yet again he spoke in wrath to Agamemnon.

‘Thou with face of a dog and heart of a deer,’ he said, ‘never hast
thou fought as men should fight for the spoil! Rather dost thou seize
the booty for which thy men have risked their lives. Surely these thy
warriors are weaklings, else this should have been thy last wrong. But
this I swear by my sceptre which was once a tree, but never more shall
put forth leaf or twig; as surely as that sceptre shall never again be
green, so surely shall the Greeks one day long for Achilles when they
fall in heaps dying before the manslaying Hector. Then shalt thou tear
thy heart for anger, for that thou didst not honour the bravest of thy
warriors.’

So spake Achilles, and dashed on earth his sceptre, studded with golden
nails, while near him sat Agamemnon, in furious anger.

With gentle words then spoke Nestor, an old warrior of a hundred years
and more, longing to make peace.

But of peace Agamemnon and Achilles would have none.

‘Ye may take back my slave, the fair Briseis,’ said Achilles. ‘The
Greeks gave her to me; let the Greeks take her from me again. Yet that
moment that thou dost dare to lay hand on aught else of mine, thy dark
blood shall gush about my spear.’

Then was the assembly at an end, and on a fleet ship Chryseïs of the
fair cheeks was placed, and with her were sent a hundred beasts for
a sacrifice to Apollo. With them went Odysseus and a goodly company,
and they sailed across the sea to Chryse, to bring back to Chryses the
priest his fair daughter, and to offer a worthy sacrifice to the angry
god.

Then did Agamemnon call his heralds to him.

‘Go ye to the tent of Achilles,’ said he, ‘and bring me Briseis, his
fair slave.’

Unwillingly they walked along the beach to where the tent of Achilles
was pitched. By it he sat, and well, and with a heavy heart, he knew
when he saw them what their errand was.

‘Welcome, ye heralds,’ he said. ‘Ye are not guilty in my sight. Guilty
only is Agamemnon who sent you to rob me of the fair Briseis. Lead her
away, yet be witnesses that when Agamemnon hath sore need of me to save
his host from shameful wreck, no help from me shall he have.’

Unwillingly Briseis was led away, and Achilles watched her go.

Then sitting alone on the beach of the grey sea, Achilles wept.

With eager gaze his eyes swept across the waste of water, and holding
out his hands in supplication he cried to his mother, Thetis the
silver-footed, daughter of the King of the Sea.

Like a mist Thetis rose from the depths of the green sea-waves, and
came to her sorrowing son.

Gently she stroked his hand, and spoke to him soothing words.

‘Why dost thou weep, my child?’ she said. ‘Tell me all the sorrow that
is in thy heart.’

To his goddess-mother Achilles told the tale of the grievous dishonour
that Agamemnon had done to him, and for rage and for grief Thetis wept
with her son.

‘Short is to be thy life, my son,’ she said. ‘Would that I had never
borne thee, rather than that it should also be full of grief.’

Then did she leave him, but at dawn next day she rose from the sea and
mounted up to Olympus.

‘Father Zeus,’ she said to the king of the gods, ‘if ever I have given
thee aid amid gods or men, fulfil now my desire. Do honour to my son,
whose life on earth is to be so short. Grant victory to the Trojans
while Achilles does not draw his sword. Grant that at last the Greeks
may do honour to him to whom Agamemnon hath brought such bitter shame.’

Then did Zeus bow his head and grant her prayer.

And Thetis the silver-footed darted like a diving bird down from
Olympus, and cleft the green waves as she went back to her father in
his kingdom under the sea.




CHAPTER II

THE COUNCIL


That night both gods and men slept long; only Zeus, king of the gods,
lay wakeful, pondering in his heart how best he might do honour to
Achilles. ‘I shall send a Dream to beguile Agamemnon,’ at length he
resolved.

Then did he call to a Dream, for by Dreams the gods sent their messages
to mortal men.

‘Go now, thou evil Dream,’ said Zeus, ‘go to where Agamemnon sleeps in
his tent near to his fleet ships, and tell him every word as I shall
tell it thee. Bid him call to arms with speed his warriors, for now he
shall take the strong city of Troy.’

To the tent of Agamemnon sped the Dream. Taking the form of the old
warrior who had striven to make peace between Agamemnon and Achilles,
the Dream stooped over the sleeping warrior, and thus to him it spoke:

‘Sleepest thou, Agamemnon? Ill fits it for the overlord of so mighty a
host to sleep all through the night. From Zeus I come, and to thee he
sends this message: Call to arms with speed thy warriors, Agamemnon,
for now shalt thou take the strong city of Troy.’

Off then sped the Dream, winging its way like a strip of grey mist
aloft to Mount Olympus.

Then Agamemnon awoke from sleep, and the voice of the Dream still rang
in his ears.

Speedily he arose from his bed, donned his fair tunic, cast around
him his great cloak, and bound his sandals on his feet. Then over his
shoulder he cast his silver-studded sword, and with the sceptre of his
house, token of his overlordship, in his hand, he went down to where
the Greek ships lay, and called a council together.

To his lords he told what had befallen him as they slept.

‘Call to arms!’ had been the message from Zeus. ‘Call to arms! for
victory shall be thine.’

Then said the old warrior in whose likeness the Dream had come:

‘My friends, had any other told us this dream we might deem it false;
but to our overlord the Dream hath come. Let us then call our men to
arms.’

So did all the lords follow his counsel, and quickly did the Greeks
obey their summons. Like bees that pour from out their nests in some
hollow rock, and fly to where the spring flowers grow most sweet, even
so did the warriors pour forth from their ships and their huts by the
sea. Loudly they shouted as they came, till all the earth echoed. Nine
heralds sought to quiet them, but it was long before they would cease
their noise, and sit silent to listen to the voice of Agamemnon their
lord.

Then did Agamemnon prove his people. ‘Ill hath Zeus dealt with us,
my friends,’ he said. ‘To us he promised ere we sailed hither that
victory should be ours. But nine years have passed away, and our ships’
timbers have rotted, and the rigging is worn. In our halls our wives
and children still sit awaiting us, yet are we no nearer victory than
we were on the day that we came hither. Come then, let us flee with our
ships to our dear native land, for never shall Troy be ours.’

So spake Agamemnon, and stirred the hearts of all that had not heard
his secret council.

As the high sea-waves are swayed by the winds that rush upon them from
the east and from the south, even so the Greek host was swayed. And
even as the west wind sweeps over a cornfield and all the ears bow down
before the blast, so were the warriors stirred.

Shouting, they hastened down to their ships. And the dust rose up in
clouds from under their hurrying feet.

Quickly did they prepare their ships, and gladly did they make them
ready to sail homeward across the bright salt sea.

Then would the Greeks have returned, even though fate willed it not.
But Hera spoke to Athene.

‘Shall we indeed allow the Greeks thus to flee homeward?’ she cried.
‘Shame it will be to us if Helen is left in Troy, and Paris goes
unpunished. Haste, then, and with thy gentle words hold back the men
from setting forth in their ships for their own homeland.’

Down from the peaks of Olympus darted the bright-eyed Athene, down to
where the dark ships were being dragged to the launching ways.

By his ship stood Odysseus of the many devices, and heavy of heart was
he.

As one who speaks aloud the thoughts of another, so then to Odysseus
spake the fair goddess who was ever his guide.

‘Will ye indeed fling yourselves upon your ships and flee homeward to
your own land?’ she said. ‘Will brave Odysseus leave Helen, for whose
sake so many Greeks have died, to be the boast of the men of Troy?
Hasten, then, and suffer not the Greeks to drag their ships down to the
sea.’

At the sound of the voice of Athene, Odysseus cast away his mantle
and ran to meet Agamemnon. From him he received the sceptre of
overlordship, and bearing it he went among the ships.

Whenever he saw a chief, he would say to him with gentle words:

‘Good sir, it fits thee ill to be a coward. Stay, now, for thou knowest
not what is the will of Agamemnon. He is only making trial of thee.
Hold back then thy people, and anger him not.’

But when Odysseus met a common man hasting to the ships, with his
sceptre he smote him, saying:

‘Sit still, sir, and listen to the words of thy betters. No warrior art
thou, but a weakling. One king only hath Zeus given to us. Hearken then
to the will of Agamemnon!’

Thus did Odysseus rule the people, driving them back from the ships to
where sat Agamemnon.

And the noise they made in returning was as the noise of mighty waves
of the sea, when they crash upon the beach and drive their roaring
echoes far abroad.

Silence came upon them as they sate themselves down before Agamemnon
and their lords. Upon all but one did silence fall. Thersites,
bandy-legged, round-shouldered, lame of one foot, with ugly head
covered with scanty stubble, most ill-favoured of all men in the host,
would not hold his peace.

Shrilly he poured his upbraidings upon Agamemnon.

‘What lackest thou now?’ he cried. ‘Surely thy huts are full of the
spoils we have brought to thee each time we have taken a town. What
more dost thou want? Soft fools, women, not men, are ye Greeks, else
would ye return home now with the ships, and leave this fellow here in
Troyland gorging himself on the spoils for which he himself hath never
fought. To brave Achilles hath he done dishonour, a far better man than
he!’

Straight to the side of Thersites came the goodly Odysseus.

‘Hold thy peace,’ he sternly said. ‘Plainly I tell thee that if ever
again I find thee raving as thou hast raved now, I myself will strip
off thy mantle and tunic, with shameful blows beat thee out of the
assembly, and send thee back weeping to the ships.’

So spake Odysseus, and with his sceptre smote Thersites on his back
and shoulders. And Thersites bowed down, and big tears fell from his
eyes, and a bloody weal from the golden sceptre stood up from his back.
Amazed he sat down, and in pain and amazement he wiped away a tear. The
others, though they were sorry, laughed at his bewilderment.

‘Many are the good deeds of Odysseus,’ said they, ‘but never did he do
a better deed than when he stopped the tongue of this prating railer.’

Then spake Odysseus, sceptre in hand.

‘Surely it is the wish of the Greeks to make thee the most despised
of all kings, great Agamemnon,’ he said, ‘for like young children or
mourning women do they wail that they must go home. Nine years have
we stayed in this land, and small wonder is it that we long for our
homes again. Yet shameful would it be to wait so long and to return
with empty hands. Be of good heart, my friends, and wait a little, for
surely Troy shall be ours. Do ye forget, on the day that we set sail
for Troyland, the mighty portent that we saw? As we offered sacrifices
to the gods beneath a fair plane-tree whence flowed clear water, a
snake, blood-red on the back and dreadful to look upon, glided from
beneath the altar and darted to the tree. On the tree’s topmost bough
was a sparrow’s nest, and in it eight tender nestlings, over which the
mother-bird spread her wings. Pitifully did the little ones cheep as
the snake swallowed them all, and pitifully cried the mother as she
fluttered over her nestlings. But of her, too, did the snake lay hold,
coiling himself round her and crushing her life out. Then did the god
who sent this sign show us that a sign from the gods in truth it was,
for he turned the snake into stone. And Chalcas, our soothsayer, told
us then the meaning of the sign. “Nine years,” said he--for nine birds
did the snake slay--“shall ye fight in Troyland, but in the tenth year
the city shall fall before you.” So then, let us abide here, until we
have taken the great city!’

When Odysseus had ceased to speak, the Greeks shouted aloud, until the
ships echoed the praises of the goodly Odysseus.

Then said Agamemnon:

‘Go now, all of you, and eat, that ye may be ready for battle. Let each
man sharpen well his spear and see to his shield, and see to it that
the horses are well fed and the chariots prepared. And whomsoever I see
minded to stay far away from the fight, beside the ships here by the
sea, for him shall there be no hope hereafter, but he shall be food for
dogs and for birds of prey.’

And when Agamemnon had spoken, the shouts of the Greeks were as the
thunder of mighty breakers on a reef when the winds blow high.

Quickly then they scattered, and kindled fires, and made their evening
meal, and offered sacrifices to the gods, praying for escape from death
in the coming battle.

To Zeus did Agamemnon offer his sacrifice, and to the mighty god he
prayed:

‘Great Zeus, god of the storm-cloud, let not the sun set nor the
darkness fall until I have laid low the palaces of Troy and burned
down its walls with fire.’

So he prayed, but as yet Zeus heeded not his prayer. Then did the
Greeks gather themselves together to battle, and amongst them went the
bright-eyed Athene, urging on each one, and rousing in each man’s heart
the joy of strength and of battle.

As the red and golden blaze of a fire that devours a mighty forest
is seen from afar, so was seen from afar the dazzling gleam of their
bronze armour as they marched.

Like wild geese and cranes and swans that in long-drawn strings fly
tirelessly onward, so poured they forth, while the earth echoed
terribly under the tread of men and horses.

As flies that swarm in the spring when the herdsmen’s milk-pails are
full, so did the Greeks throng to battle, unnumbered as the leaves and
the flowers upon which they trod in the flowery plain by the banks of
the river Scamander.




CHAPTER III

THE FIGHT BETWEEN PARIS AND MENELAUS


To meet the great Greek host came the men of Troy. With loud shouting
and clamour they came, noisy as the flocks of cranes that fly to
far-off seas before the coming of winter and sudden rain.

But in silence marched the Greeks, shoulder to shoulder, their hearts
full of courage.

Like the mist that rolls from the crest of the mountains until no man
can see in front of him further than the cast of a stone, so did the
dust rise in clouds under the tread of the warriors’ feet as they
marched across the plain.

Front to front did the two armies stand at last, and from the Trojan
ranks strode forth Paris the godlike, he who robbed Menelaus of her
who was to him most dear.

From the shoulders of Paris swung a panther’s skin. He bore a curved
bow and sword, and, brandishing two bronze-headed spears, he challenged
all the chieftains of the Greek host to fight him, man to man, in
mortal fight.

As a hungry lion rejoices to see a great-horned stag coming to be his
prey, even so did Menelaus rejoice when he saw Paris, the golden-haired
and blue-eyed, stride proudly forth.

Straightway, in his armour, did Menelaus leap from his chariot to the
ground.

But when Paris saw him to whom he had done so sore a wrong, his heart
was smitten.

As a man who, in a mountain glen, suddenly sees a deadly snake and
shrinks away from it with shaking limbs, even so did Paris shrink back
amongst his comrades.

Scornfully did Hector his brother behold him.

‘Fair in face thou art!’ said Hector, ‘but shamed I am by thee! I
ween these long-haired Greeks make sport of us because we have for
champion one whose face and form are beautiful, but in whose heart is
neither strength nor courage. Art thou a coward? and yet thou daredst
to sail across the sea and steal from her husband the fair woman who
hath brought us so much harm. Thou shalt see what sort of warrior is he
whose lovely wife thou hast taken. Thy harp and thy golden locks and
fair face, and all the graces given to thee by Aphrodite, shall count
for little when thou liest in the dust! Cowards must we Trojans be,
else thou hadst been stoned to death ere this, for all the evil thou
hast wrought.’

Then answered Paris:

‘No word hast thou said that I do not deserve, brave Hector. Yet scorn
not the gifts of golden Aphrodite, for by his own desire can no man win
the love and beauty that the goddess gives. But let me now do battle
with Menelaus. Make the Trojans and the men of Greece sit down, while
Menelaus and I fight for Helen. Let him who is conqueror have her
and all that is hers for his own, and let the others take an oath of
friendship so that the Greeks may depart in peace to their own land,
and in peace the Trojans dwell in Troy.’

Greatly did Hector rejoice at his brother’s word. His spear grasped by
the middle, he went through the Trojan ranks and bid the warriors hold
back.

But as he went, the Greeks shot arrows at brave Hector and cast stones.

‘Hold! hold! ye Greeks,’ called Agamemnon. ‘Hector of the glancing helm
hath somewhat to say to us.’

In silence, then, the two armies stood, while Hector told them the
words of Paris his brother.

When they had heard him, Menelaus spoke.

‘Many ills have ye endured,’ he said, ‘for my sake and because of the
sins of Paris. Yet now, I think, the end of this long war hath come.
Let us fight, then, and death and fate shall decide which of us shall
die. Let us offer sacrifice now to Zeus, and call hither Priam, King of
Troy. I fear for the faith of his sons, Paris and Hector, but Priam is
an old man and will not break faith.’

Then were the Greeks and the Trojans glad. They came down from their
chariots, and took off their arms, and laid them on the ground, while
heralds went to tell Priam and to fetch lambs and a ram for the
sacrifice.

While they went, Hera sent to Troy Iris, her messenger, in the guise of
the fairest daughter of Priam.

To the hall where Helen sat came lovely Iris. And there she found
Helen, fairest of women, her white arms swiftly moving back and forward
as she wove a great purple web of double wool, and wrought thereon
pictures of many battles of the Greeks and the men of Troy.

‘Come hither, dear lady,’ said Iris, ‘and see a wondrous thing. For
they that so fiercely fought with each other, now sit in silence. The
battle is stayed; they lean upon their shields, and their tall spears
are thrust in the earth by their sides. But for thee are Menelaus and
Paris now going to fight, and thou shalt be the wife of the conqueror.’

So spake lovely Iris, and into the sleeping heart of Helen there came
remembrance, and a hungry longing for her old home, and for Menelaus,
and her father and mother, and for little Hermione, her child.

The tears rolled down her cheeks, but quickly she hid her face with a
veil of fair linen, and hastened out, with her two handmaidens, to the
place where the two armies lay.

At the Skaian gates sat Priam and other old warriors.

As Helen, in her fair white robes, drew near, the old men marvelled at
her loveliness.

‘Small wonder is it,’ said they, ‘that Trojans and Greeks should suffer
hardships and lay down their lives for one so beautiful. Yet well would
it be for her to sail away upon the Greek ships rather than stay here
to bring trouble upon us now, and upon our children hereafter.’

Then Priam called to Helen:

‘Come hither, dear child, and sit beside me, that thou may’st see the
man who once was thy husband, and thy kinsmen, and thy friends. No
blame do I give to thee for all our woes, but only to the gods who have
chosen thee to be the cause of all this bloodshed.’

Then did Priam ask her the names of the mighty heroes who stood by
their spears in the Grecian ranks, and Helen, making answer to him,
said:

‘Dear father of Paris, my lord, would that I had died ere I left my
own land and my little child, and all those that I loved, and followed
thy son hither. Agamemnon, a goodly king and a mighty spearsman, is
the Greek warrior whose name thou dost ask. Brother of him who was my
husband is he. Ah! shameless me, who did leave mine own.’

Of Odysseus also, and of many another warrior of great stature and
brave looks, did Priam make inquiry. And Helen told him all she knew,
while tears of longing stood in her eyes.

‘My two brethren, Castor, tamer of horses, and Polydeuces, the skilful
boxer, I do not see,’ she said; ‘mayhap they have not crossed the sea.’
For she knew not that her two brothers lay dead in her own beautiful
land.

Then was the sacrifice to Zeus offered, and the vows made between
Agamemnon and Priam, King of Troy.

When the sacrifice and vows were accomplished, Priam in haste mounted
his chariot and drove away.

‘Verily will I return to windy Ilios,’ said the old man, ‘for I cannot
bear to watch the fight between Menelaus and my own dear son. But only
Zeus and the gods know which one of them is to fall.’

Then Hector and Odysseus marked out a space for the fight, and into a
bronze helmet Hector placed two pebbles and shook them in the helmet,
looking behind him. And the pebble of Paris leapt out the first, so
that to him fell the lot to cast first his spear of bronze.

Then did Paris arm himself. Greaves of beauteous fashioning he
placed upon his legs, and fastened them with silver ankle-clasps.
Over his shoulders he put his silver-studded sword of bronze and his
great shield. On his head he placed a helmet with nodding crest of
horse-hair, and in his hand he grasped his strong spear. In like manner
did Menelaus arm himself.

One moment did they stand face to face, wrath and hatred in their
hearts, their spears gripped firm in their hands.

Then did Paris hurl his spear and smite the shield of Menelaus. But the
shield was strong and the spear could not pierce it.

His hand lifted up for the cast, Menelaus looked upwards and called to
Zeus.

‘Grant me revenge, great Zeus!’ he cried. ‘On him that hath done me
grievous wrong, grant me vengeance, so that all men hereafter may
shudder to wrong one who hath treated him as his honoured guest.’

Then hurled he his mighty spear. Through the bright shield it went,
and through the shining breastplate, tearing the tunic of Paris on his
thigh. But Paris swerved aside, and so escaped death.

Then Menelaus drew his silver-studded sword and drove it crashing down
upon the helmet of Paris. But in four pieces was the sword shattered,
and fell from the hand of Menelaus.

‘Surely art thou the most cruel of all the gods, Zeus!’ angrily he
cried. ‘My spear is cast in vain, and my sword shattered, and my
vengeance is still to come!’

So saying, he leapt upon Paris. By the crest on his helmet he seized
him, and, swinging him round, he dragged him towards the Greek host.
The embroidered strap beneath the helmet of Paris strangled him, and
so he would have shamefully died, had not Aphrodite marked his plight.
Swiftly did she burst the leather strap, and the helmet was left empty
in the grasp of Menelaus.

Casting the empty helmet, with a swing, to his comrades, Menelaus
sprang back, ready, with another spear, to slay his enemy.

But Aphrodite snatched Paris up, and in thick mist she hid him, and
bore him away to his own home. Like a wild beast Menelaus strode
through the host, searching for him. But no Trojan would have hidden
him, for with a bitter hatred did the men of Troy hate Paris, most
beautiful of mortal men.

Then said Agamemnon:

‘Hearken to me, ye Trojans. Now hath Menelaus gained the victory. Give
us back Helen, and all that is hers, and pay me the recompense that ye
owe me for all the evil days that are gone.’

So spake he, and glad were the shouts of the Greeks as they heard the
words of their king.




CHAPTER IV

HOW MENELAUS WAS WOUNDED; AND THE BRAVE DEEDS OF DIOMEDES


While Menelaus made search for Paris, Hera and Athene plotted together,
wrathfully planning how best to bring harm upon Paris and the men of
Troy.

No wish had they that the grievous war should be ended, and Paris, whom
they hated, allowed to go unpunished.

Like a shooting-star that flashes through the sky, even so did Athene
haste down to the earth from Olympus.

In the guise of a man she sought Pandarus, a gallant warrior and a
mighty archer.

‘Hearken to me, wise Pandarus,’ said the goddess. ‘Shoot now a swift
arrow at Menelaus, that thou may’st slay him. So shalt thou win fame
and glory before all the Trojans, and gain from Paris kingly gifts.’

And to her words foolish Pandarus lent willing ears.

He unsheathed his polished bow, made from the horn of a wild ibex
that he himself had shot in the mountains. Sixteen palms long were
its horns, and these a skilled workman had polished well and joined
cunningly together, and tipped with gold. Well did Pandarus string his
bow, and from his quiver he chose an arrow, sharp and new. Then did he
pull back the bowstring to his breast until the great bow was bent into
a round. The horn twanged and the bowstring sang, and the keen arrow
sped fiercely on its way. Straight to the heart of Menelaus would it
have sped, but Athene made it glance aside, so that it smote against
the golden buckles of the belt of his breastplate. Yet even then did it
graze his flesh, and the black blood gushed forth from the wound.

When Agamemnon saw the blood flowing, sorely grieved was he.

But Menelaus said:

‘Be of good courage. The wound is not deep, for my glistering belt in
front and my kirtle of mail beneath stayed the deadly arrow.’

Then did they send for a skilled physician. And he, when he was come,
drew forth the arrow, and sucked the blood and spread healing drugs
upon the wound.

While the physician tended Menelaus, throughout the Greek host went
Agamemnon.

‘To arms!’ he said to his men. ‘The men of Troy have broken the oath
of peace that they took, and for us it is to punish them. No helper
of liars is Zeus, and so shall they fall before us and their flesh be
given to the vultures for their food!’

All those of his men that he found preparing eagerly for the battle, he
praised. But to those that he found shrinking from battle he gave angry
words, whether they were common soldiers or great chiefs.

To Diomedes he came at last.

‘Dost thou hold back from battle, Diomedes?’ he cried. ‘Such was not
thy father’s way. Ever in battle was he the first. But his son is not a
fighter such as he, though in speech he may be more skilled.’

No answer did Diomedes make, for he reverenced Agamemnon the king.

But a comrade who stood by him cried out in anger at the injustice of
his words.

‘Falsely dost thou speak, Agamemnon!’ he said. ‘Better men than our
fathers are we! Did we not, with fewer men and against a stronger wall,
take the great city of Thebes which they strove to take in vain!’

But brave Diomedes sternly rebuked him. ‘Be silent, brother,’ he said,
‘for right and just it is that Agamemnon should urge his warriors on
to the fight. His will be the glory if we overcome the men of Troy and
take their city, and his will be the great sorrow if by the Trojans we
Greeks are laid low. Come! let us to arms!’

From his chariot Diomedes leapt to the ground, and his armour clanged
as he moved.

And as the great sea-billows raise their heads before the driving of
the gale, and crash themselves in fury against the shore, casting afar
their briny spray and foam, even as mightily did the Greeks move onward
to battle. Horse after horse, and man after man, went as the waves of
the sea.

But like bleating sheep were the Trojans as they awaited the coming of
their foes.

And amongst the men of Troy fought Mars, god of war, and for the Greeks
fought Athene, and with her were Terror and Rout, and Strife that never
wearies.

So did the armies meet. Like wolves they fought. Man lashed at man;
with blood the earth grew red, and the clamour of their fighting was
as the noise of the meeting of the mountain streams when they rush in
furious spate into the valleys in the winter floods.

Like trees that the woodmen cut and send crashing to the ground, so
fell first one hero, then another. First fell a man of Troy, then a
Greek. On that day many a Trojan and many a Greek side by side in the
dust lay dead.

Now was it that to Diomedes Athene came and gave fresh strength and
courage. From his helmet she made a light to shine, burning brightly as
a star in summer.

Amongst the Trojans were two brothers, rich and noble, and well-skilled
warriors.

One of them from their chariot cast his spear at Diomedes, who was on
foot, but missed his aim. And Diomedes then cast his spear and smote
his enemy in the breast, so that from his chariot he fell dead on the
ground, while his brother fled, lest he, too, should be slain. He left
his beautiful chariot behind, and Diomedes drove away the horses and
gave them to his men to keep for him.

And Athene, watching the fray, took the god Mars by the hand and led
him aside.

‘Let us leave the Greeks and Trojans to fight,’ said she, ‘and let Zeus
give the victory to whom he will.’

Then did Mars sit him down by the river Scamander, and again Greeks and
Trojans fought without aid from the gods.

Like heroes they fought. Like heroes they slew and died. But none
fought as did Diomedes. Like a winter torrent in full flood did he
charge across the plain, driving all before him.

But when Pandarus the archer saw him coming against him in triumph, he
bent his bow and drove an arrow in haste to meet him. And in one moment
the corslet of Diomedes was dabbled with blood.

Then loudly shouted Pandarus:

‘Bestir you, brave Trojans! The best man of the Greeks is wounded, and
soon shall he die from the arrow that I sped against him!’

So boasted Pandarus, but Diomedes leapt down from his chariot, and to
his charioteer he spoke:

‘Haste thee, and draw from my shoulder this bitter arrow.’

Speedily the charioteer drew the arrow forth, and from the wound the
blood spurted upward.

Then cried Diomedes:

‘Hear me, Athene! If ever thou didst stand by my father in heat of
battle, stand now by me. Bring me within a spear’s thrust of this man
who hath wounded me, and grant that I may slay him.’

So he prayed, and Athene heard him.

‘Be of good courage, Diomedes,’ she said. ‘Thy prayer is granted. But
if thou shouldst meet any of the gods in battle, smite none of them
save golden Aphrodite.’

Then did Diomedes turn back to the battle, and threefold courage came
upon him, so that he fought as fights an angry lion.

Ten warriors, brave and gallant, fell before him, and the horses of
these he took and gave to his men to drive to the ships.

Then said Aeneas, captain of the Trojan host, son of a mortal warrior
and of the goddess Aphrodite:

‘Where are thy bows and arrows, Pandarus? Canst thou not slay this man
who makes havoc of the host?’

‘Methinks this man is Diomedes,’ answered Pandarus. ‘Already have I
smitten him, but without avail. Surely he is no man, but a wrathful
god. Behind me in my own dear land left I eleven fair chariots, each
with its yoke of horses, for I feared that my good horses might not
find fodder in the camp. So now have I no chariot but only my bow,
and now is my bow of no help to me, for Menelaus and Diomedes have I
smitten, yet they have not died.’

Then said Aeneas:

‘Talk not thus, but mount in my chariot and take the reins and whip,
and I myself will stand upon the car and fight with Diomedes.’

‘Nay,’ said Pandarus, ‘take thou thyself the reins. Should thy horses
be driven by one they know not, and hear a strange voice from him who
drives them, mad might they go with fear. So drive thine own horses,
Aeneas, and with my spear will I go against Diomedes.’

In the chariot then mounted Aeneas and Pandarus, and swiftly galloped
the horses against Diomedes. His charioteer saw them coming and to
Diomedes he said:

‘Pandarus and Aeneas come against us, Diomedes--mighty warriors both.
Let us haste back to our chariot.’

‘Speak not of flight!’ answered Diomedes. ‘It is not in my blood to
skulk or cower down. As for these, both shall not escape me. But if
Athene grant that I slay them both, then stay my chariot where it is,
binding the reins to the chariot rim, and leap upon the horses of
Aeneas and drive them forth into the host of the Greeks. For truly
there are no better horses under the sun than these horses of Aeneas.’

When Pandarus and Aeneas drew near, fiercely Pandarus hurled his
bronze-shod spear. Through the shield of Diomedes it passed, and
reached his breastplate.

‘Thou art hit in the loin!’ cried Pandarus; ‘now, methinks, thou soon
shalt die.’

But Diomedes, unafraid, replied:

‘Nay! thou hast missed and not hit.’

With that he hurled his spear. Through the nose and teeth and tongue of
Pandarus it passed, and from the chariot he fell, his gleaming armour
clanging on the ground. And it was from a dead man that the horses
swerved aside.

Then Aeneas leapt from his chariot and stood astride the lifeless
body, like a lion at bay, fearful lest the Greeks should take from him
the body of his friend.

In his hand Diomedes seized a mighty stone, and with it smote Aeneas on
the thigh, crushing the bone, and tearing the skin. On his knees fell
the great Aeneas, and soon must he have perished, but Aphrodite saw the
peril of her son and wound her white arms about him, and would have
borne him safely away. But Diomedes, leaping in his chariot, pursued
her, and with his spear he wounded her sorely on the wrist. With a
great cry Aphrodite let fall her son, but another of the gods was near
and bore him away in the covering of a cloud.

‘Away with thee, Aphrodite!’ called Diomedes. ‘It is surely enough for
thee to beguile feeble women and to keep away from battle!’

Then upon Aeneas he leapt, not knowing that it was a god whose arms
held him. Three times did he seek fiercely to slay Aeneas, and three
times did the god beat him back.

‘Thou warrest with the gods! Have a care, Diomedes!’ shouted the god in
a terrible voice, and Diomedes for a little shrank back.

Then truly did the gods come to war against Greeks and Trojans, for
Mars and Athene and Hera in fury fought amongst the hosts.

‘Shame on ye! men of Greece,’ cried Athene. ‘While noble Achilles went
forth to war, the Trojans dared scarcely pass without their gates, but
now they bring their fighting close to the ships on the beach!’ So she
roused the Greeks to further fury.

To Diomedes then she went. Him she found beside his chariot, wiping
away the blood from the wound dealt him by Pandarus.

‘An unworthy son of thy brave father art thou, Diomedes,’ she said.
‘Alone would thy father fight; but though I stand by thy side to guard
thee, either weariness or fear hath taken hold on thee.’

‘I have no fear, neither am I weary,’ answered Diomedes, ‘but thou hast
told me to smite none of the gods save Aphrodite, and now see I the
god Mars leading the men of Troy. So have I stayed my hand and called
back my men from the battle.’

Then answered bright-eyed Athene:

‘Diomedes, joy of mine heart, fear not Mars nor any other of the gods,
for I am thy helper. Go now, guide thy chariot against Mars and smite
him hand to hand. This day did he promise me to fight for the Greeks,
and now he fights against them.’

So saying, she made the charioteer of Diomedes give her his place, and
herself, with whip and reins, did she guide the fiery horses.

And Mars, seeing the chariot of Diomedes draw near, leaving many dead
behind him, eagerly came to meet it. With furious thrust did he drive
his spear at Diomedes, but Athene seized it in her hand and turned
it aside. Then did Diomedes thrust at Mars with his spear of bronze,
and it Athene guided so that it pierced the thigh of the god of war.
Loud as nine thousand or ten thousand warriors cry in battle, did Mars
bellow with rage and pain, and like a thunder-cloud he swept upwards
through the sky to Olympus.

And still the fight went on, and sorrow came to many from the slaying
of that day.

[Illustration: Mars, like a thunder-cloud, swept upwards through the
sky to Olympus
                                                  (page 52)




CHAPTER V

HECTOR AND ANDROMACHE


From where the battle still raged went Hector, son of Priam. At the
oak tree by the gates of Troy there came running to meet him wives and
daughters of those who fought. For eagerly did they long for tidings of
many a warrior who now lay dead on the field.

When he reached the beautiful, many-pillared palace of his father, his
mother came to meet him.

His hand she took in hers, and gently spoke she to him.

‘Art thou wearied that thou hast left the battle, Hector, my son?’ she
said. ‘Let me bring thee wine that thou may’st be refreshed and yet
gain strength.’

‘Bring me no wine, dear mother,’ said Hector, ‘lest it take from me
the strength and courage that I have. Rather go thou to the temple of
Athene and offer her sacrifices, beseeching that she will have mercy on
Troy and on the wives of the Trojans and their little children. So may
she hold back Diomedes the destroyer. I go to Paris--would that he were
dead!’

And the mother of Hector straightway, with other old women, the mothers
of heroes, offered sacrifices and prayers to Athene. But Athene paid no
heed.

To the palace of Paris, his mighty bronze spear in his hand, then
strode Hector.

Paris, the golden-haired, sat in a room with Helen, idly handling his
shining shield and breastplate and curved bow.

In bitter scorn spoke Hector to his brother.

‘Our people die in battle for thy sake!’ he cried, ‘while here thou
sittest idle. Up then, ere the enemies that thou hast made for us burn
our city to the ground!’

And Paris answered:

‘Justly dost thou chide me, Hector. Even now hath Helen urged me to
play the man and go back to battle. Only let me put on my armour, and
soon will I overtake thee.’

Never a word did Hector answer him.

But to Hector did Helen then speak.

‘Brother Hector,’ she said, ‘unworthy am I to be sister of thine. Would
that I had died on the day I was born, or would that the gods who have
brought me this evil had given me for a husband one who was shamed by
reproach and who feared dishonour. Rest thee here, my brother, who hast
suffered so much for the sake of wretched me and for the sin of Paris.
Well I know that for us cometh punishment of which men will sing in the
far-off years that are yet to come.’

‘Of thy love, ask me not to stay, Helen,’ answered Hector. ‘For to help
the men of Troy is my whole heart set, and they are now in want of me.
But rouse this fellow, and make him hasten after me. I go now to see my
dear wife and my babe, for I know not whether I shall return to them
again.’

In his own house Hector found not his fair wife Andromache, nor their
little babe.

‘Whither went thy mistress?’ he asked in eagerness of the serving-women.

‘Truly, my lord,’ answered one, ‘tidings came to us that the Trojans
were sorely pressed and that with the Greeks was the victory. So then
did Andromache, like one frenzied, hasten with her child and his nurse
to the walls that she might see somewhat of what befell. There, on the
tower, she stands now, weeping and wailing.’

Back through the streets by which he had come then hastened Hector. And
as he drew near the gates, Andromache, who had spied him from afar, ran
to meet him.

As, hand clasped in hand, Andromache and Hector stood, Hector looked
silently at the beautiful babe in his nurse’s arms, and smiled.

Astyanax, ‘The City King,’ those of Troy called the child, because it
was Hector his father who saved the city.

Then said Andromache:

‘Dear lord, thy courage will bring thee death. Hast thou no pity for
this babe nor for thy wife, who so soon shall be thy widow? Better
would it be for me to die if to thee death should come. For if I lose
thee, then sorrow must for evermore be mine. No father nor mother have
I, and on one day were my seven brothers slain. Father and mother and
brother art thou to me, Hector, and my dear loved husband as well. Have
pity now, and stay with thy wife and thy little child.’

‘All these things know I well, my wife,’ answered Hector, ‘but black
shame would be mine were I to shrink like a coward from battle. Ever it
hath been mine to be where the fight was fiercest, and to win glory for
my father’s name, and for my own. But soon will that glory be gone, for
my heart doth tell me that Troy must fall. Yet for the sorrows of the
Trojans, and of my own father and mother and brethren, and of the many
heroes that must perish, grieve I less bitterly than for the anguish
that must come upon thee on that day when thou no longer hast a husband
to fight for thee and a Greek leads thee away a prisoner. May the
earth be heaped up high above me ere I hear thy crying, Andromache!’

So spake Hector, and stretched out his arms to take his boy.

But from his father’s bronze helmet with its fiercely nodding plume
of horse-hair the babe shrank back in terror and hid his face in his
nurse’s breast. Then did the little City King’s father and his sweet
mother laugh aloud, and on the ground Hector laid his helmet, and
taking his little son in his arms he kissed him and gently dandled him.
And as he did so, thus Hector prayed to Zeus and all the gods:

‘O Zeus and all ye gods, grant that my son may be a brave warrior and a
great king in Troyland. Let men say of him when he returns from battle,
“Far greater is he than his father,” and may he gladden his mother’s
heart.’

Then did Hector lay his babe in Andromache’s arms, and she held him to
her bosom, smiling through her tears.

Full of love and pity and tenderness was the heart of Hector, and
gently he caressed her and said:

‘Dear one, I pray thee be not of over-sorrowful heart. No man shall
slay me ere the time appointed for my death hath come. Go home and busy
thyself with loom and distaff and see to the work of thy maidens. But
war is for us men, and of all those who dwell in Troyland, most of all
for me.’

So spake Hector, and on his head again he placed his crested helmet.
And his wife went home, many times looking back to watch him she loved
going forth to battle, with her eyes half blinded by her tears.

Not far behind Hector followed Paris, his armour glittering like the
sun, and with a laugh on the face that was more full of beauty than
that of any other man on earth. Like a noble charger that has broken
its bonds and gallops exultingly across the plain, so did Paris stride
onward.

‘I fear I have delayed thee,’ he said to his brother when he overtook
him.

‘No man can speak lightly of thy courage,’ answered Hector, ‘only thou
hast brought shame on thyself by holding back from battle. But now let
us go forward, and may the gods give the Greeks into our hands.’

So went Hector and Paris together into battle, and many a Greek fell
before them on that day.




CHAPTER VI

THE FIGHT BETWEEN HECTOR AND AJAX


From Olympus did Athene mark with angry heart how Greek after Greek
fell dead before the spears of Hector and of Paris.

Then did she plot with Apollo, her brother, how best she might
discomfit these men of Troy.

And into the heart of Hector did they put the wish to make the Trojans
and the Greeks cease from battle, while he challenged the bravest Greek
of the host to meet him, man to man, in deadly combat.

Then did Hector and Agamemnon make the fighting cease, and with
gladness did Hector call upon the Greeks to send forth their bravest
champion that he might fight with him, hand to hand.

‘If I be slain,’ said Hector, ‘then let the victor despoil me of my
armour, but give back my body to my home. And if I slay him who fights
with me, then shall his armour be mine. But his body the Greeks shall
have, that they may build for him a tomb in their own land, near the
sea, so that in the days to come men may look at it as they sail past
in their ships and say, “This is the tomb of a man that died in days of
old, a champion whom Hector slew.”’

Silent stood the Greeks before him. For they feared to meet him hand to
hand, and were ashamed to show their fear.

Then up sprang Menelaus, and with scorn of the others he donned his
armour.

‘Shame on ye all!’ he cried. ‘I myself will fight with Hector, and the
gods will slay that man whom they will to die.’

But Agamemnon would not have it that his brother should fight.

‘This is madness, Menelaus,’ he said. ‘Draw back, though it pains thee,
for even Achilles did dread to meet this man in battle, and how much
more mighty is Achilles than thou.’

Then rose up nine chiefs of the Greeks, all ready to fight with Hector,
and lots were cast to see which of these, the most valiant of the host,
should meet with the champion of the men of Troy.

To Ajax the giant-like did the lot fall, and glad was the heart of the
hero that so it should be.

In his shining bronze armour did Ajax array him, and as he strode
forward with a smile on his stern face and his long spear brandished in
his hand, he looked as looks Mars the terrible when he goes forth to
battle.

The Trojans trembled at the sight, and the heart of Hector beat faster,
as the giant, with his great bronze shield, came towards him with
mighty strides.

‘Achilles, the lion-hearted, sitteth by his ships, yet shalt thou be
shown, Hector, that the Greeks have other warriors in their ranks,’
cried Ajax. ‘But thou shalt begin the battle.’

‘Am I a woman or a feeble boy who knows naught of fighting, Ajax?’
answered Hector. ‘Well do I know the rules of the great game of war.
But I have no mind to smite thee by cunning. Openly shall I smite thee,
if I smite at all.’

Thereat he hurled at Ajax his bronze-shod spear. But on his mighty
shield of sevenfold hide, bronze-covered, Ajax caught the blow, and
only six folds of the shield were pierced.

Then did Ajax the giant hurt his spear, and it passed through Hector’s
bright shield and his corslet, and rent the doublet on his thigh. But
Hector swerved aside and so escaped death. Then did each grip a fresh
spear, and, like angry lions, did they rush each at the other. Again
did Hector smite the shield of Ajax with his spear, but the spear point
was bent back and unpierced was the shield. And Ajax, with a mighty
drive, sent his spear through the shield of Hector, and the point
pierced his neck, so that the dark blood gushed forth. But even then
Hector ceased not to fight. From the ground he seized up a great jagged
stone and hurled it against the shield of Ajax, until the bronze rang
again. A stone, greater by far, did Ajax then hurl, and the shield of
Hector was crushed inwards, and Hector was borne backwards, and fell,
and had been slain, had not Apollo, with invisible hands, raised him
up. Their swords they drew then, and would have fought on, had not
heralds rushed between them and with their staves held them apart.

‘Fight no more, dear sons,’ said the herald of Troy. ‘Well do we see
that ye both are brave warriors, and well-beloved of Zeus. But night
falleth, and bids you cease the combat.’

Said Ajax:

‘For Hector it is to speak, for he challenged the bravest of the Greeks
to battle. As he wills, so shall I do.’

‘The gods have given thee stature and might and wisdom, Ajax,’ said
Hector, ‘and surely there is no greater fighter among the Greeks than
thou. Night falleth, so let us cease from battle, and hereafter will we
fight again, and the gods shall grant one of us the victory. But now
let us exchange gifts, that Greeks and Trojans may say, “In fierce
strife did Ajax and Hector meet, but in friendship they parted.”’

So spoke Hector, and gave to Ajax his silver-studded sword, with
scabbard and sword-belt; and to him did Ajax give his belt bright with
purple.

So parted the two heroes, and greatly did the men of Troy and of Greece
rejoice at the safe return of their champions.




CHAPTER VII

THE BURNING OF THE DEAD; AND THE BATTLE OF THE PLAIN


With feasting did the Greeks do honour to Ajax, and when the feast
was ended, Nestor, the oldest and the most wise of the warriors, gave
counsel that at daybreak on the morrow they should gather the bodies of
their dead and burn them on a great pyre.

But while the Greek chiefs in peace took council together, they of Troy
with fierce and angry words disputed at a gate of their city.

Said one:

‘How can we hope to prosper in the fight when our oath is broken? Let
us then give back to the Greeks fair Helen and all her wealth.’

But Paris, in wrath, made reply:

‘Mad indeed thou art if thou dost think I will do as thou sayest! The
wealth of Helen will I return with a willing heart, and to it add more
wealth of mine own. But Helen my wife will I give back never!’

At dawn on the morrow did the Trojan heralds come to the camp of
Agamemnon and gave to him the message.

‘Thus saith Priam of Troy and all his nobles, The wealth that Helen
brought with her to Troy will Paris return, and more besides of his
own, but the beautiful wife of Menelaus he saith he will not give. But
grant to us a truce until we have buried our dead, and then again will
we fight until the gods grant us victory.’

Then said Diomedes:

‘Let us take none of the treasures of Helen nor of Paris, neither Helen
herself for well we know that the days of Troy are already numbered.’

In applause of the words of Diomedes the Greek host shouted, and
Agamemnon said to the heralds:

‘Thou hearest the answer of the Greeks. Yet we grant ye the truce,
that ye may bury your dead.’

The sun was rising from the sea and chasing grey darkness from the
fields of Troyland when on the morrow Greeks and Trojans met in peace,
and tenderly, and with hot tears falling, carried away the bodies of
the fallen and buried them in mighty pyres.

A deep ditch and a high wall did the Greeks also make for themselves.
And at nightfall they feasted, and when some ships from Lemnos came to
the harbour, well laden with wine, they bought a goodly supply. Some of
them paid the men of Lemnos with bronze, and some with iron, some with
hides and kine, and some with prisoners.

All night long they feasted, and in Troy also did the Trojans feast.
But in Olympus did Zeus angrily plan the overthrow of the men who
seemed to fear him not, and the noise of his thunderings filled the
feasters with dread of what was to come.

On the next day, when golden dawn was spreading over the earth, Zeus
held a council of the gods, and with a fearful doom did he threaten
the god or goddess who should dare to aid either Greek or Trojan.

‘We bow to thy will, great father Zeus,’ Athene made answer. ‘Yet let
us, I pray thee, give counsel to the Greeks that they may not all
perish before the mightiness of thine anger.’

‘So be it,’ answered Zeus, smiling upon her, for dear to the king of
the gods was Athene, his beautiful daughter.

Then did Zeus, in his armour of gold, mount upon his car. His
fleet-footed horses, bronze-shod, had flowing tails of gold, and them
he lashed with his golden whip so that like lightning they flashed
across space, between earth and the starry heavens. High up on Mount
Ida did he rein them in, and in thick mist upon the mountain-top he sat
him down and watched the Greeks and Trojans, as though they were his
playthings, fighting far below on the plain.

Early that day did the two hosts meet, and soon was the morning air
filled with the cries of pain and of rage, of defeat, and of victory,
and the fair earth was streaming with the blood of men, dead and dying.

When midday came, Zeus stretched out from his throne on the mountain
his golden scales, and in them laid two weights of death, one for the
Greeks and the other for the men of Troy. And the scale of the Greeks
sank down low, and as it sank, Zeus sent down a blazing lightning flash
so that the two armies saw the great god and his scales, and fear
seized upon the Greeks.

The mightiest Greek no longer kept his courage. Only Nestor, oldest of
the warriors, still had a dauntless heart. With an arrow from his bow
had Paris slain one of the horses in Nestor’s chariot, but from his
chariot did the old man leap down and with his sword fiercely hewed at
the traces. But as he still hewed, through the throng Hector furiously
drove his chariot. Then had Nestor indeed perished, but that Diomedes
marked what would befall.

With a great shout did he call to Odysseus:

‘Whither fleest thou, like a coward, Odysseus? Stand thy ground till
we have saved the old man from his mighty foe!’

So spake he, but Odysseus heard him not, and hastened onward.

Alone then did Diomedes take his stand by the side of Nestor.

‘Younger warriors than myself beset thee hard!’ said Diomedes. ‘Thou
art feeble, thy charioteer is a weakling, and thy horses slow. Quickly
mount my car, and see what are the paces of my horses that I took from
Aeneas. Straight against Hector shall we guide them, that he may know
the power of the spear of Diomedes.’

On the chariot of Diomedes did old Nestor then mount; in his hands he
took the reins, and he lashed the horses. In furious gallop they came
to meet Hector, and Diomedes hurled his spear. But the spear passed
Hector, and in the breast of his brave charioteer was it buried, so
that he fell to the ground and there he died.

Upon the men of Troy might defeat then have come, but in his hands
Zeus took a thunderbolt, and right in front of the horses of Diomedes
it burst in awful flames, making the horses in desperate panic rear
backwards.

‘Zeus himself fighteth against thee, Diomedes!’ cried Nestor. ‘Let us
flee, for no man is so great in might that he can fight against the
will of Zeus.’

‘Thou speakest truth, old man,’ said Diomedes, ‘yet sore grief it is
to my heart to think that some day the boast of Hector may be, “To his
ships fled Diomedes, driven before me.” May the earth swallow me up on
that day!’

‘Hector may call thee coward,’ said Nestor, ‘yet no son of Troy will
believe him, nor any of the widows of these men whom thou hast slain.’

Then did Nestor wheel the horses and flee, while thick the spears and
darts from the Trojan host followed him.

And above the din of battle rose the voice of Hector:

‘Behold the hero of the Greeks! Hero no longer art thou! Begone, feeble
girl! poor puppet!’

Furiously did Diomedes listen to his taunts, and fain would he have
turned back and tried to slay him. But three times did Zeus send peals
of his thunder rolling down from the mountain-top, and to the Trojans
was it a sign of victory, and fear did it send into the hearts of the
Greeks.

Then did Hector call on his men to be of good courage, for with them
fought Zeus, the Thunderer. And to his horses he called:

‘On, now, Bayard, and Whitefoot, and Flame of Fire, and Brilliant!
Forget not how Andromache hath cared for and tended you! Make haste
that we may seize from old Nestor his shield of gold, and strip
Diomedes of his gorgeous breastplate!’

Onward, then, dashed his chariot, while the Trojans followed him,
driving the Greeks in headlong flight before them. Soon had the Greek
ships been burned and the long war ended, had not Hera put it into the
heart of Agamemnon to arouse the Greeks and force them on to battle.

‘Shame on you, ye Greeks!’ he cried. ‘What hath come of all your
boasting?’ Then did he pray to Zeus that even now he would grant the
victory to the Greeks.

And his prayer was heard by Zeus, who sent a portent in answer. For
there came, winging through the sky, an eagle with a young fawn in
its talons. By the altar of Zeus did the eagle drop the fawn, and the
Greeks took the sign to mean the favour of Zeus, and afresh they went
to battle.

Then did gallant warrior slay warrior as brave as himself, and hero
fall before hero.

Teucer, a mighty archer, sheltering under the great shield of Ajax,
sent one arrow speeding after another, and each arrow brought death.
But against Hector in vain did he drive his shafts, slaying, each time
he drew his bow, one standing near the man whose life he longed to take.

One arrow smote the charioteer of Hector in the breast, and from the
chariot did he fall dead. Full of rage and grief was Hector, and from
the car he leapt, with terrible shout, and, with a jagged stone in his
hand, rushed at Teucer. Even at that moment had Teucer pulled his
bowstring to let an arrow fly, but on the collar bone Hector smote him.
His bowstring snapped, his arm grew numb, the bow fell from his hand,
and on his knees he sank. But swiftly did Ajax stand astride him, and
with his shield he sheltered him until two of his comrades bore him,
groaning in grievous pain, to the ships.

Once again did Zeus put courage in the men of Troy so that they drove
the Greeks in rout before them.

Then did Hera and Athene mark their plight, and pity them, and would
have come down from Olympus to their aid, had not Zeus sent stern
warning to them of the doom that should be theirs were they to go
against his bidding.

‘On the morrow,’ said he, ‘more evil things shall thine eyes behold,
for Hector will not cease to slay until that day when fleet-footed
Achilles be roused to come and fight for the Greeks where Patroclus the
brave lies dead. Such is the doom of heaven.’

Then did black night fall, and while the Trojans chafed at the
darkness, the Greeks rejoiced that rest had come to them at length.

Leaning on his bronze-pointed spear, Hector spoke to the Trojans.

‘Hearken to me!’ he said. ‘This day I thought to destroy the Greeks
and all their hosts and return to our own windy Troy, but Night hath
come too soon. To Night, then, must we yield, so let us take food, and
give fodder to our horses. All night long let us burn fires lest in the
darkness the Greeks strive to make for the sea. And let the heralds
proclaim that boys and old men must guard the battlements of Troy,
and each woman burn a great fire in her house lest the Greeks send an
ambush to enter the city while we men are here. At dawn will we fight
by the ships, and we shall see whether Diomedes will drive me back from
the shore to the walls of Troy, or if with my spear I shall lay him
low.’

So spake Hector, and the Trojans shouted aloud.

They unyoked their horses, and gave them fodder, and from the city
they brought food for the fires.

All night they sat by the battlefield, high hopes in their hearts, and
their watch-fires burning. As when the moon shines clear on a windless
night, and all the crags and glens and mountain-tops stand sharply out,
and wide and boundless is the sky, and all the stars are seen; even
so many were the lights of the watch-fires that gleamed in the plain
before Troy. A thousand fires did burn there, and in the red glow of
each blazing fire sat fifty men. Beside the chariots stood the horses
champing barley and spelt, waiting for the coming of dawn.




CHAPTER VIII

THE MESSAGE TO ACHILLES


While the Trojans sat by their watch-fires, sorely troubled were the
hearts of the Greeks and of Agamemnon their overlord.

Hurriedly did Agamemnon send his heralds to call an assembly, bidding
each man separately and with no loud shouting.

Sorrowfully did they sit them down; and when Agamemnon rose up to
speak, the bitter tears ran down his face as flows the wan water of a
mountain stream down the dark gulleys where the sunbeams never play.

‘My friends,’ he said, ‘leaders and captains of the Greeks, hard of
heart is Zeus, and ill hath he dealt with me. Victory did he promise,
but shame hath he brought. Nothing now is left for us but to flee with
our ships to our own land, for never shall Troy be ours.’

So spake he, and long did the Greek warriors sit in silent grief.

Then spoke Diomedes:

‘A coward hast thou called me, Agamemnon; whether I am a coward the
Greeks, young and old, know well. To thee hath Zeus given power above
all other men, but courage, which is the highest power of all, hath he
kept from thee. Thinkest thou that we Greeks are cowards and weaklings
such as thou? If it is thy will to flee, flee then! Thy ships wait for
thee by the sea. But as for us, here will we stay till Troy lies in
ruins before us. And if it even be the will of every Greek here to flee
with thee, here still will I and my friend Sthenelus abide and fight
until Troy is ours. The gods sent us hither! To us will the gods give
the victory!’

Then spoke old Nestor:

‘Mighty in battle art thou, Diomedes, and well hast thou spoken. But
thou art yet young--full well mightest thou be my youngest son. So let
all who hear, yea, even Agamemnon, hearken to my words and not gainsay
me, who am so old a man. For without clan, without laws, without a home
must be he who loveth strife. Hasten then, and let us all take food,
and see that the sentinels be watchful along the deep trench without
the wall. For to us this night cometh victory or death.’

Then did Agamemnon speedily have a feast prepared, and when the feast
was ended, Nestor again uprose and spoke.

‘King over all nations hath Zeus made thee, great Agamemnon,’ he said.
‘Therefore is it thy part to listen to all the counsel that is given to
thee that may aid thee to govern thy folk. Right heartily did I try to
prevent thee from taking fair Briseis from the tent of Achilles on that
day when thou didst anger the bravest of all warriors. Let us now try
if we may not persuade him by gifts of friendship and with kindly words
to come back and fight for Greece once again.’

Then answered Agamemnon:

‘Yea, truly, a fool was I in that I gave way to my wrath. But gladly
will I now make amends to Achilles, the beloved of Zeus. Rich and
goodly gifts will I send to him; priceless gifts of gold, horses of
wondrous speed, and seven fair slaves skilled in needle-work. Fair
Briseis, also, shall again be his, and if he will come to our aid and
Troy is ours, the richest of all the spoils shall be the spoils of
Achilles. One of my daughters shall he have for his wife, and lands and
cities and a people to rule as king shall be my gift to him.’

Speedily then did they choose messengers to go with the gifts to
Achilles.

And the messengers were Phœnix, a warrior dear to Zeus, and giant Ajax,
and Odysseus of the many Devices. Two heralds went with them that they
might tell Achilles of the noble Greeks who came to seek for his aid.

Along the shore of the sounding sea they went, making prayer to Zeus
that he would grant them success in what they sought.

When they came to the ships and huts of Achilles they found him
sitting with a lyre in his hand. Of beautiful workmanship it was, with
a silver cross-bar upon it, and as the hands of Achilles drew from it
wondrous melody, he sang of the glorious deeds of the heroes of old.

Beside him sat Patroclus, listening silently to the song of the friend
that he loved.

Then did Odysseus step forward, and Achilles, amazed, sprang to his
feet, his lyre in his hand, and Patroclus also arose.

‘Welcome ye are,’ said Achilles; ‘truly ye are friends that are come.
Even in my anger are ye the dearest of all the Greeks to me.’

Then he led them forward and made them sit on seats covered with lordly
purple.

To Patroclus he said:

‘Bring forth the biggest bowl and the finest of my wines, for I have no
dearer friends than those who are here with me now.’

So did Achilles have a rich feast of precious wines and of dainties of
all sorts made ready for those who brought him the message of Agamemnon
the king.

And when the feast was ended, Odysseus did tell him of the dire woes of
the Greeks and of the royal gifts of Agamemnon, and of the pleadings of
the Greeks and of their overlord, that their hero, Achilles, would come
and fight for them once again.

Then did Achilles make answer:

‘Hateful to me as are the gates of death, O great Odysseus, is the man
who hideth in his heart one thing and sayeth another. So will I speak
to thee as seemeth me best. Hard have I laboured, fiercely have I
fought for Agamemnon, yet what is my gain after it all? Hateful to me
are the gifts of Agamemnon. Wealth and power can be mine without aid
from him, yet know I well, for my mother, Thetis the silver-footed,
hath told me, that death swiftly draweth nigh. Let the Greeks seek help
elsewhere, for fierce is my anger, and no help shall ye gain from me.’

Then said Ajax:

‘Let us go hence, Odysseus. Our embassy is vain. Yet evil though the
news we carry with speed must we bear it back to the Greek host.
Merciless art thou, Achilles! Anger hath made thee set at naught thy
comrades’ love and the love of thine own dear land.’

And to Ajax did Achilles make answer:

‘Take ye, then, my message, brave Ajax! Tell Agamemnon that until the
day that the men of Troy come even to my ships and my huts and smirch
them with fire, no finger will I raise for Greece. But on that day,
then, surely, will the power of the Trojans be stayed.’

Then did Odysseus and Ajax and the others return in sorrow to the host
of the Greeks, and gave to them the message of Achilles.

In silence did the warriors listen.

Then said Diomedes:

‘Achilles, then, must bide his time. When his heart is aroused again
within him, he will fight. But let us now take meat and drink and
sleep, and when rosy-fingered Dawn doth come, strength shall be ours
for the battle, and with courage shall we fight for the cause of
Agamemnon our king!’




CHAPTER IX

THE WHITE HORSES OF RHESUS


Sound was the sleep of the Greek chiefs that night, but Agamemnon the
king slept not. From his enemies’ camp came the sound of pipe and flute
and laughter of men, as the Trojans feasted and made merry in the red
light of their camp-fires. As he looked seawards at the ships of the
sleeping Greeks, his heart was heavy within him and he groaned aloud.

On his feet he bound his sandals, over his shoulders did he throw his
great mantle of a tawny lion’s skin, and, grasping his spear, he went
forth into the night to take counsel of wise Nestor.

Neither to Menelaus came there sleep, for his heart was full of fear
lest harm should come to the Greeks who had crossed the wide seas to
fight for his sake in Troyland.

[Illustration: Agamemnon heard the sound of pipe and flute and laughter
of men as the Trojans feasted and made merry (page 86)]

On his head he placed his bronze helmet, across his broad shoulders he
threw a leopard skin, and, spear in hand, went to seek his brother.

Down by the ships he found him, putting his armour on.

‘Why dost thou arm thyself, dear brother?’ he asked. ‘Wilt thou send
forth one of our comrades to spy on the Trojans? I fear me no man of
ours is of courage enough to go alone in the night and do so brave a
deed.’

Then did Agamemnon bid his brother go and awake the lords of his host
and call a council together, while he himself went to rouse Nestor, the
oldest of all the warriors.

And as they passed through the host they found the sentinels sitting
wide awake with their arms, like dogs that watch by a lonely sheepfold
amongst the hills and listen to the cries of the savage wild beasts
that come towards them through the woods.

Gladly did old Nestor see them.

‘Even so keep watch, dear children,’ he said, ‘lest we allow our
enemies to triumph over us.’

Out in the open field, beyond the deep trench which they had dug, the
chiefs of the Greeks sat themselves down in council.

To them, then, spake Nestor.

‘O friends,’ said he, ‘is there among you a man with heart so fearless
that all alone he will go into the camp of the Trojans this night and
there learn what are their plans for battle? If such an one there be,
and he return to us scathless, great will be his fame among all men,
and great the rewards that he wins.’

Then said Diomedes of the loud war-cry:

‘With willing heart will go, Nestor: yet if another man will come with
me, more comfort and courage will be ours.’

Many there were who asked with eagerness to be that one who should go
with Diomedes. But Agamemnon spoke.

‘Diomedes, joy of mine heart, verily shalt thou choose thine own
comrade,’ he said.

And Diomedes made answer:

‘If indeed I may choose, then shall I choose Odysseus, for with him as
comrade we might pass through raging flames and yet return in safety.’

‘Praise me not overmuch, Diomedes,’ said Odysseus, ‘but let us be
going. The night wanes, the stars have gone onward, and the dawn is
near.’

Then did they don their armour, and set forth, like two lions seeking
their prey, treading underfoot the men who lay still and dead in their
blood. And through the dark night they heard the shrill cry of a heron,
and knew it for an omen sent by the gods, a promise to them of victory.

In the Trojan camp was a council also held. And brave Hector offered
great rewards to the man who would go in the darkness to where the
Greek ships lay and find out how it fared with the men of Agamemnon,
and what plans were theirs.

And Dolon, the swift-runner and ill-favoured man, but one who owned
great riches of gold and bronze, stood up and said:

‘To the swift-sailing ships will I go as thy spy. But for reward must I
have the horses and bronze chariots of Achilles.’

‘No other man of the Trojans shall mount these horses,’ swore Hector.

Then Dolon took his bow, on his shoulders cast a great wolf-skin, on
his head drew his helmet of ferret-skin, and with his sharp javelin in
his hand, went forth towards the seashore.

In the darkness Odysseus heard his stealthy footsteps.

‘Lo, here is some man, Diomedes,’ he said; ‘I know not whether he be a
spy or a plunderer of the dead. But let him pass, and then will we rush
on him and take him.’

Turning from the path, they lay down amongst the dead bodies on the
plain, still and silent as those they lay beside.

But when Dolon had gone a little way, they ran after him, and Dolon,
when he heard them, stopped, thinking they were messengers from Hector,
coming to bid him return. Less than a spear’s-throw from him were they
when he knew them for foemen and fled before them.

But as two fierce hounds pursue a hare or a doe, so did Odysseus and
Diomedes hunt Dolon. They had wellnigh reached the trench where the
sentinels were placed when Diomedes called aloud:

‘Halt! or my spear shall pin thee dead to the ground!’

Thereat he hurled his spear, but not with the wish to smite Dolon.
Over his right shoulder it flew, burying its sharp point in the ground
in front of him. Green with fear, and with chattering teeth, Dolon
stopped, and Odysseus and Diomedes panting, came up to him, and laid
hold of him.

‘Take me alive!’ said Dolon, weeping, ‘and a mighty ransom of gold and
bronze and iron shall be yours if ye but spare my life.’

‘Fear not,’ said Odysseus, ‘but tell us truly why thou comest thus at
dead of night into the camp of thine enemies.’

Then did Dolon, the coward, tremblingly tell his tale, and reveal to
Odysseus and Diomedes all that Hector had bidden him do. At their
bidding, too, he told them how all the Trojan forces lay, and how best
they could win into the camp.

‘At the farthest point from the men of Troy are encamped the
Thracians,’ he said. ‘Rhesus is their king, and fit for a god is his
golden armour and his chariot of gold and silver. His, too, are the
fairest horses mine eyes have seen, of great strength and height,
whiter than snow, and swift as the wind.’

Eagerly did Odysseus and Diomedes listen. But when he had ended and
begged them to take him a prisoner to the ships, or to let him go free,
grimly did Diomedes look at him.

‘Good is thy news, Dolon,’ he said, ‘yet nevermore shalt thou have a
chance of playing the spy, or of fighting against the men of Greece.’

With that he raised his mighty sword, and ere Dolon could beg for mercy
he smote him on the neck. Cleanly was his head shorn off, and it rolled
in the dust at the feet of Diomedes. His casque of ferret-skin, and the
grey wolf-skin, and javelin and bow did Odysseus and Diomedes then take
from him and held them aloft, an offering to Athene. They placed them
on a tamarisk bush, raising on it a mark of long reeds and branches of
tamarisk, lest they might miss the place as they returned again ere
dawn.

Across the plain did they hasten then, until they came to the camp of
the Thracians. Deep was the sleep of the warriors who lay, each with
his arms beside him, and his two horses standing near at hand. And in
the midst of them lay Rhesus the king, his great white horses tethered
to his chariot of silver and gold.

‘Lo, here is the man, and here are the horses of which Dolon gave us
tidings,’ said Odysseus.

And thereupon did the slaying begin.

Like a lion that rends a flock of sheep without a shepherd, even so
did Diomedes slay the men of Thrace. On this side and on that he slew,
till the earth grew red with blood, and terrible was the groaning of
the dying men. Twelve men did he slay, and as he slew them, Odysseus
dragged them to the side that a way might be left clear for the white
horses of Rhesus. For he feared that panic might seize them were they
to step in the darkness upon the dead men.

The thirteenth man was King Rhesus himself. An evil dream made him draw
his breath hard and quick, but ere he could awake from sleep the sword
of Diomedes took his life away. Then did Odysseus drive the horses out
of the camp, smiting them with his bow, for he had no whip, and driving
them onwards.

To Diomedes he whistled, for a sign that he should cease from slaying
and follow him and their lordly spoil. Still did Diomedes linger,
pondering whether he should drag the chariot with him, or slay yet more
of the Thracians. And as he pondered, Athene came to him.

‘Return to the ships, Diomedes,’ she said, ‘lest another of the gods
arouse the Trojans, and in flight thou art driven before them.’

Even then, indeed, was Apollo arousing one of the kinsmen of Rhesus,
who with great lament saw the dead and dying men and knew that the
horses of the king had been stolen away.

But swiftly did Diomedes and Odysseus spring on the backs of the white
horses, and swift as the snowy foam on the crests of storm-driven waves
did they dash through the darkness back to the ships.

When they came to the tamarisk bush, where they had left the bloody
spoils of Dolon, Diomedes leapt to the ground, seized them and placed
them in the hands of Odysseus, and again mounted, and, lashing the
horses, dashed furiously onward.

The clang of the hoofs of the galloping horses struck first upon the
ears of old Nestor, and quickly did he and other lords of the Greeks go
to meet Diomedes and Odysseus.

Then did the two heroes rein in their horses and lightly spring to the
ground, and with hand-clasping and glad words were they welcomed by
their comrades.

And when he had told the tale of the slaying of the men of Thrace and
the taking of the horses of Rhesus, Odysseus, laughing, drove the
white steeds through the trench and stabled them beside the other
horses of Diomedes.

Then did he and Diomedes plunge into the sea and wash the sweat and
dust from off their limbs in the cold waves. Glad were their hearts
when they sat down to sup and poured forth an offering of honey-sweet
wine to Athene; but in the camp of the Trojans were there shame and
lamenting for the deeds that had been wrought in the third watch of the
night.




CHAPTER X

THE FIGHTING ON THE PLAIN


The night passed, and grey dawn saw a mighty fight begin.

Fiercely did the battle wax and wane, and valiant deeds were done that
day.

Mightily fought Agamemnon, but against him fought the gods, and when
the sun blazed forth at noon, he and many another Greek warrior,
grievously wounded, were forced to leave the field.

An arrow, from the bow of Paris, smote Machaon, skilled physician of
the Greeks, and fear seized them lest he who healed their wounds might
himself perish.

Into his chariot did old Nestor take Machaon, and right willingly his
horses galloped back to their stables by the shore.

By the stern of his ship stood Achilles, watching the battle from afar,
and his dear friend and comrade, Patroclus, he sent speeding to the
tent of Nestor for tidings of the battle and to ask the name of the
wounded warrior.

Scornfully spake Nestor:

‘What matters it to Achilles which of the sons of Greece lie wounded?
Many chiefs of the Greeks have shed their blood this day, yet Achilles
heedeth not. Hast thou forgotten, Patroclus, that day when thy father
didst speak to thee of thyself and of Achilles? “_Of nobler birth
than thou is Achilles_,” he said, “_and in might much greater. Yet he
is younger than thou, so see that thou counsel him gently and wisely
when there is need, and he will obey thee._” Even now, Patroclus, thou
mightest persuade Achilles to go forth to battle. But if he will not
go, then let him lend thee his armour so that the men of Troy may flee
before thee, thinking that Achilles goeth forth to war once more.’

So did Nestor rouse the heart of Patroclus, and swiftly Patroclus
returned to the ship of Achilles.

Fiercer and ever more fierce grew the battle as the hours went by.
Up to the walls that the Greeks had built did the Trojans press their
furious way. Up the battlements, spear in hand, they swarmed, nor
heeded the storm of stones that crashed down upon them from above.

In front of the gates lay a stone so huge that two strong men could not
together have lifted it and placed it on a wagon. With one hand did
mighty Hector, legs wide apart, hurl it against the great double gates.
Before it, hinges burst, bars smashed, and the gates crashed backwards.
Then in leapt Hector, his eyes flashing fire. None but the gods could
have withstood him, and on his heels came the men of Troy. Before them
they swept the Greek host to their ships.

But down by the sea fought Ajax, and round him the Greeks took their
stand. Mighty was the wall of living men that sought to die for their
honour and for their own dear land.

Yet, like a great rock that the fierce floods of winter tear from a
mountain-side, and that crashes through the forests and thunders down
the valleys, destroying as it goes, so did Hector press onward. Behind
him in heaps lay the slain, the moans of the dying mingled with the
din of battle, and the dark night of death blinded the eyes of many a
mighty chief.

‘Thinkest thou to spoil our ships!’ called Ajax to Hector. ‘To the
gods, and not to the men of Troy do we owe our evil plight. Yet ere
long will Troy fall before us, and thou thyself wilt pray to Zeus to
make thy steeds fleet as falcons as they bear thee in shameful plight
back to thy city, across the plain.’

To Ajax did Hector make answer:

‘Blundering boaster art thou! Woe cometh this day to the Greeks! And
thou, Ajax, if thou hast courage to meet my spear, shalt be food for
the birds and the dogs.’

In his tent the heart of Agamemnon sank within him, and those beside
him did he counsel that they should drag their ships down to the sea
and swiftly sail away.

‘There is no shame in fleeing from ruin,’ said he.

But Odysseus and Diomedes replied with angry scorn to the coward words
of their overlord.

‘Let us go down to the battle, wounded though we be,’ said Diomedes.

So they set forth, and with them went Agamemnon, and through the long
day did that mortal fight go on. Now would the Trojans triumph, and
again to the men of Greece would come the victory.

At last, before a huge stone, hurled by Ajax, did Hector fall. Like a
mighty oak smitten by lightning he fell, and the Trojans bore him away,
the black blood gushing from his mouth.

Then pressed the men of Greece the more. Back from the ships they drove
the men of Troy.

But to Hector where he lay a-dying came Apollo, and into his fainting
body and heart he breathed fresh strength and courage.

With strength as the strength of ten Hector once again faced the foe,
and before him the Greeks fell back in dismay.

Patroclus in his tent, tending the wounds of a friend, marked how the
Greeks fell back, and he groaned aloud.

‘To Achilles must I hasten,’ he said. ‘Who knows but that the time has
come when I may arouse him to join in the battle.’




CHAPTER XI

HOW PATROCLUS FOUGHT AND DIED


While round the dark ships of Greece the fierce fight raged, Achilles,
from afar, listened unmoved to the din of battle, and watched with
stony eyes the men of Greece as they fell and died on the reddened
ground.

To him came Patroclus.

‘Why dost thou weep, Patroclus?’ asked Achilles. ‘Like a fond little
maid art thou that runs by her mother’s side, plucking at her gown,
hindering her as she walks, and with tearful eyes looking up at her
until the mother lifts her in her arms. Like her, Patroclus, dost thou
softly weep.’

Then Patroclus, heavily groaning, made answer:

‘Among the ships lie the bravest and best of the men of Greece,
sore wounded or dead. Pitiless art thou, Achilles, pitiless and
unforgiving. Yet if thou dost still hold back from the battle,
give me, I pray thee, thine armour, and send me forth in thy stead.
Perchance the Trojans may take me for the mighty Achilles, and even now
the victory be ours.’

Then said Achilles, and heavy was his heart within him:

‘These Greeks took from me my well-won prize, Patroclus. Yet let the
past be past; no man may keep his anger for ever. I have said that
until the men of Troy come to burn my own ships I will hold me back
from the battle. But take you my armour; lead my men in the fight, and
drive from the ships the men of Troy. But to others leave it to chase
them across the plain.’

Even as Achilles spoke, the strength of mighty Ajax had come to an
end, and with furious rush did the Trojans board the ships. In their
hands they bore blazing torches, and up to the sky rushed the fiercely
roaring flames.

Then cried Achilles, smiting his thighs:

‘Haste thee, Patroclus! They burn the ships! Arm thyself speedily, and
I will call my men!’

Corslet and shield and helmet did Patroclus swiftly don, and girded on
the silver-studded sword and took two strong lances in his hand.

In the chariot of Achilles he mounted, and Automedon, best and bravest
of charioteers, took the reins.

Swift as the wild west wind were Bayard and Piebald, the two horses of
Achilles, and in the side harness was Pedasus, a horse only less swift
than they.

Gladly did the men of Achilles meet his call to arms, for fierce as
wolves were they.

‘Many times hast thou blamed me,’ cried Achilles, ‘because in my wrath
I kept ye back from battle. Here for ye now is a mighty fight, such as
ye love.’

To battle they went, and while Patroclus led them forth, Achilles in
his tent offered up an offering to Zeus.

Like wasps that pour forth from their nests by the wayside to sting
the boys who have stoned them, so now did the Greeks swarm from their
ships.

Before the sword of Patroclus fell a mighty warrior, and when the men
of Troy saw the shining armour of Achilles in his own chariot their
hearts sank within them.

Out of the ships were they driven, the fire was quenched, and back to
the trench rolled the tide of battle. In the trench writhed many a
horse and many a man in dying agonies. But clear across it leaped the
horses of Achilles, and close to the walls of Troy did Patroclus drive
brave Hector before him.

His chariot then he turned, and headed off the fleeing Trojans, driving
them down to the ships. Before the furious rush of his swift steeds,
other horses were borne off their feet, other chariots cast in ruins
on the ground, and men crushed to death under his wheels. Chief after
chief did Patroclus slay. A mighty destroyer was he that day.

One only of the chiefs of Troy kept his courage before the destroyer
who wore the shining arms of Achilles.

‘Shame on ye!’ cried Sarpedon to his men, ‘whither do ye flee? I
myself will fight this man who deals death and destruction to the
Trojan host.’

From their chariots leaped Sarpedon and Patroclus.

With the first cast of his spear Patroclus missed Sarpedon, but slew
his charioteer. Then did Sarpedon cast, and his spear whizzed past
Patroclus, and smote the good horse Pedasus. With a dreadful scream
Pedasus fell, kicking and struggling, in the dust. This way and that
did the other two horses plunge and rear, until the yoke creaked and
the reins became entangled. But the charioteer leaped down, with his
sword slashed clear the traces from Pedasus, and the horses righted
themselves.

Once again did Sarpedon cast his spear, and the point flew over the
left shoulder of Patroclus. But Patroclus missed not. Through the heart
of Sarpedon sped the fiercely hurled spear, and like a slim tree before
the axe of the woodcutter he fell, his dying hands clutching at the
bloody dust.

Furious was the combat then over the body of Sarpedon. One brave
warrior after another did Patroclus lay dead.

And more terrible still was the fight because in the ranks of the men
of Troy there fought now, in all-devouring wrath, the god Apollo.

Nine men, good warriors all, did Patroclus slay; then, waxing bolder,
he tried to climb the very walls of Troy.

Three times did Apollo thrust him back, and when, a fourth time, he
attacked, the god cried aloud to him in anger, warning him not to dare
so much.

Against Patroclus did Hector then drive his war-horses, but Patroclus,
leaping from his chariot, hurled at Hector a jagged stone. In the eyes
it smote the charioteer of Hector, and the slain man dropped to the
ground.

‘How nimble a man is this!’ jeered Patroclus. ‘How lightly he diveth!
Were this the sea, how good an oyster-seeker would this fellow be!’

[Illustration: The point of the spear flew over the left shoulder of
Patroclus (page 107)]

Then from his chariot leaped Hector and met Patroclus, and the noise
of the battle was as the noise of a mighty gale in the forest when
great trees fall crashing to the ground.

When the sun went down, victory was with the Greeks. Three mighty
charges did Patroclus make, and each time he slew nine men. But when, a
fourth time, he charged, Apollo met him. In thick mist he met him, and
Patroclus knew not that he fought with a god. With a fierce downstroke
from behind, Apollo smote his broad shoulders, and from off his head
the helmet of Achilles fell with a clang, rattling under the hoofs of
the horses. Before the smiting of the god, Patroclus stood stricken,
stupid and amazed. Shattered in his hands was the spear of Achilles,
and his mighty shield clanged on the ground.

Ere he could know who was the smiter, a Trojan ally drove a spear
between his shoulders, and Patroclus, sore wounded, fell back.

Marking his dismay, Hector pressed forward, and clean through his body
drove his bronze spear. With a crash Patroclus fell.

‘Thou that didst boast that thou wouldst sack my town, here shall
vultures devour thee!’ cried Hector.

And in a faint voice Patroclus made answer:

‘Not to thee do I owe my doom, great Hector. Twenty such as thou would
I have fought and conquered, but the gods have slain me. Yet verily I
tell thee that thou thyself hast not long to live. Even now doth Death
stand beside thee!’

As he spoke, the shadow of Death fell upon Patroclus. No more in his
ears roared the din of battle; still and silent for ever he lay.




CHAPTER XII

THE ROUSING OF ACHILLES


Fierce had been the fight before Patroclus died. More fiercely yet it
raged when he lay dead.

From his body did Hector take the arms of Achilles, and the dead
Patroclus would the Trojans fain have dragged to their city, there to
bring shame to him and to all the Greek host.

But for him fought the Greeks, until the earth was wet with blood and
the very skies echoed the clang of battle.

To Achilles came Antilochos, a messenger fleet of foot.

‘Fallen is Patroclus!’ he cried, ‘and around his naked body do they
fight, for his armour is held by Hector.’

Then did Achilles moan aloud. On the ground he lay, and in his hair he
poured black ashes. And the sound of his terrible lament was heard by
his mother, Thetis, the goddess, as she sat in her palace down under
the depths of the green sea.

Up from under the waves swiftly came she to Achilles, and tenderly did
she listen while he poured forth to her the tale of the death of his
dear comrade.

Then said Thetis:

‘Not long, methinks, shall Hector glory in the armour that was thine,
for Death presseth hard upon him. Go not forth to battle, my son, until
I return, bearing with me new and fair armour for thee.’

But when Thetis had departed, to Achilles in his sorrow came Iris, fair
messenger of the gods.

‘Unto windy Ilios will the Trojans drag the body of Patroclus unless
thou comest now. Thou needst not fight, Achilles, only show thyself to
the men of Troy, for sore is the need of Patroclus thy friend.’

Then, all unarmed, did Achilles go forth, and stood beside the trench.
With a mighty voice he shouted, and at the sound of his voice terror
fell upon the Trojans. Backward in flight they went, and from among the
dead did the Greeks draw the body of Patroclus, and hot were the tears
that Achilles shed for the friend whom he had sent forth to battle.

[Illustration: The making of the arms of Achilles (page 113)]

All that night, in the house of the Immortals, resounded the clang of
hammer on anvil as Hephaistus, the lame god, fashioned new arms for
Achilles.

Bronze and silver and gold he threw in his fire, and golden handmaidens
helped their master to wield the great bellows and to send on the
crucibles blasts that made the ruddy flames dance.

No fairer shield was ever borne by man than that which Hephaistus made
for Achilles. For him also he wrought a corslet brighter than a flame
of fire, and a helmet with a golden crest.

And in the morning light did Thetis dart down from snowy Olympus,
bearing in her arms the splendid gift of a god.

Glad was Achilles as he put on the armour, and terrible was his
war-cry as he roused the Greek warriors. No man, however sore his
wounds, held back when the voice of Achilles called him to the fight
once again. Wounded was Agamemnon, overlord of the Greeks, but forth
also came he. And there, while the sun rose on many a warrior who would
fight no more, did Achilles and Agamemnon speak as friends once again,
their long strife ended.

Hungry for war, with Achilles as their leader, did the Greeks then
meet the Trojans on the plain. And as a fierce fire rages through the
forest, its flames driven by the wind, so did Achilles in his wrath
drive through the host of Troy.

Down to the Scamander he drove the fleeing Trojans, and the water
reddened with blood, as he smote and spared not.

Merciless was Achilles; pitilessly did he exult as one brave man after
another was sent by him to dye red the swift flood of the Scamander.

At length, at his lack of mercy, did even the river grow wrathful.

‘Choked is my stream with dead men!’ it cried, ‘and still thou slayest!’

But when Achilles heeded not, in fierce flood the river uprose against
him, sweeping the slain before it, and in furious spate seeking to
destroy Achilles. But as its waves smote against his shield, Achilles
grasped a tall elm, and uprooting it, cast it into the river to dam the
torrent. For the moment only was the angry river stayed. In fear did
Achilles flee across the plain, but with a mighty roar it pursued him,
and caught him.

To the gods then cried Achilles, and to his aid came Athene, and close
to the walls of Troy again did Achilles chase the Trojan men.

From the city walls old Priam saw the dreadful things Achilles wrought.

And when, his armour blazing like the brightest stars of the sky, he
drew near, and Hector would have gone to meet him, in grief did Priam
cry to his dearly-loved son:

‘Hector, beloved son, I pray thee go not alone to meet this man;
mightier far than thou is he.’

But all eager for the fight was Hector. Of all the men of Troy he alone
still stood unafraid. Then did the mother of Hector beseech him to hold
back from what must surely mean death. Yet Hector held not back, but on
his shining shield leaned against a tower, awaiting the coming of the
great destroyer.

And at last they met, face to face, spear to spear. As a shooting-star
in the darkness so flashed the spear of Achilles as he hurled it home
to pierce the neck of Hector. Gods and men had deserted Hector, and
alone before the walls of Troy he fell and died.

Thus ended the fight.

For twelve days did the Greek host rejoice, and all through the days
Hector’s body lay unburied. For at the heels of swift horses had the
Greeks dragged him to the ships, while from the battlements his mother
and his wife Andromache watched, wailing in agony, with hearts that
broke.

[Illustration: The shadow of death came down upon Hector (page 116)]

Then at length went old Priam to the camp of the Greeks. And before
Achilles he fell, beseeching him to have mercy and to give him back the
body of his son.

So was the heart of Achilles moved, and the body of Hector ransomed;
and with wailing of women did the people of Troy welcome home their
hero.

Over him lamented his old mother, for of all her sons was he to her
most dear, and over him wept, with burning tears, his wife Andromache.

And to his bier came Helen, and with breaking heart did she sob forth
her sorrow.

‘Dearest of my brothers,’ she said, ‘from thee have I heard neither
reproach nor evil word. With kind words and gentle heart hast thou ever
stood by me. Lost, lost is my one true friend. No more in Troyland is
any left to pity me.’

On lofty funeral pyre then laid they the dead Hector, and when the
flames had consumed his body his comrades placed his white bones in
a golden urn, and over it with great stones did they raise a mighty
mound that all might see where he rested.

Yet still was the warfare between Greeks and Trojans not ended.

To Achilles death came in a shaft from the bow of Paris. By a poisoned
arrow driven at venture and at dark midnight from the bow of an outcast
leper was fair Paris slain. While winter snow lay white on Ida, in
Helen’s arms did his life ebb away.

Then came there a day when the Greeks burned their camp and sailed
homeward across the grey water.

Behind them they left a mighty horse of wood, and the men of Troy came
and drew it into the city as trophy and sign of victory over those
who had made it. But inside the horse were hidden many of the bravest
warriors of Greece, and at night, when the Trojans feasted, the Greeks
came out of their hiding-place and threw open the gates.

And up from the sea came the Greek host, and in fire and in blood fell
the city of Troy.

Yet did not Helen perish. Back to his own kingdom by the sea Menelaus
took her, to reign, in peace, a queen, she who had brought grief and
death to so many, and to the city of Troy unutterable woe.


                       PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN




TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES:

Quotes have been added on pages 11, 70, 78, 81 and 84, to conform to
correct usage.

Illustrations have been moved up or down, as needed, to avoid
breaking the flow of paragraphs.

All hyphenation and spelling has been retained as typeset.

*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK STORIES FROM THE ILIAD: OR, THE
SIEGE OF TROY ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright
law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works,
so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the
United States without permission and without paying copyright
royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part
of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm
concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark,
and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following
the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use
of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very
easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation
of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project
Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away--you may
do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected
by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark
license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound
by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the
person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph
1.E.8.

1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the
Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection
of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual
works in the collection are in the public domain in the United
States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the
United States and you are located in the United States, we do not
claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing,
displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as
all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope
that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting
free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm
works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the
Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily
comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the
same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when
you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are
in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States,
check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this
agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing,
distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any
other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no
representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any
country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other
immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear
prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work
on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the
phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed,
performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

  This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
  most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
  restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
  under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
  eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
  United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
  you are located before using this eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is
derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not
contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the
copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in
the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project
Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply
either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or
obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm
trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works
posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the
beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg-tm License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including
any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access
to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format
other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official
version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain
Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
provided that:

* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
  the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
  you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed
  to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has
  agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project
  Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid
  within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are
  legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty
  payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project
  Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in
  Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg
  Literary Archive Foundation."

* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
  you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
  does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
  License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
  copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue
  all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm
  works.

* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of
  any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
  electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of
  receipt of the work.

* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
  distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than
are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing
from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of
the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the Foundation as set
forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project
Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may
contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate
or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or
other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or
cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium
with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you
with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in
lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person
or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second
opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If
the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing
without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of
damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement
violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the
agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or
limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or
unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the
remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in
accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the
production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses,
including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of
the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this
or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or
additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any
Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm

Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It
exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations
from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see
Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at
www.gutenberg.org

Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by
U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.

The Foundation's business office is located at 809 North 1500 West,
Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up
to date contact information can be found at the Foundation's website
and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND
DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular
state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To
donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.